Rapid Spread and Genetic Characterisation of a Recently Emerged Recombinant Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in Thailand

The emergence of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was first detected in north-eastern Thailand in March 2021. Since then, the abrupt increase of LSD cases was observed throughout the country as outbreaks have spread rapidly to 64 out of a total of 77 provinces within four months. Blood, milk, and...

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Published in:	Veterinary sciences Vol. 9; no. 10; p. 542
Main Authors:	Suwankitwat, Nutthakarn, Songkasupa, Tapanut, Boonpornprasert, Prakit, Sripipattanakul, Phurida, Theerawatanasirikul, Sirin, Deemagarn, Taweewat, Suwannaboon, Minta, Arjkumpa, Orapun, Buamithup, Noppawan, Hongsawat, Akkarapol, Jindajang, Sirima, Nipaeng, Nawakarn, Aunpomma, Dilok, Molee, Lamul, Puangjinda, Kanokwan, Lohlamoh, Walaiporn, Nuansrichay, Bandit, Narawongsanont, Rawint, Arunvipas, Pipat, Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI 30-09-2022 MDPI AG
Subjects:	diagnoses and examinations genetic characterisation lumpy skin disease virus outbreaks the Kingdom of Thailand
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Summary:	The emergence of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was first detected in north-eastern Thailand in March 2021. Since then, the abrupt increase of LSD cases was observed throughout the country as outbreaks have spread rapidly to 64 out of a total of 77 provinces within four months. Blood, milk, and nodular skin samples collected from affected animals have been diagnosed by real-time PCR targeting the p32 gene. LSDV was isolated by primary lamb testis (PLT) cells, followed by Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells, and confirmed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of a skin lesion showed inclusion bodies in keratinocytes and skin epithelial cells. Phylogenetic analyses of RPO30 and GPCR genes, and the whole genome revealed that Thai viruses were closely related to the vaccine-derived recombinant LSDV strains found previously in China and Vietnam. Recombination analysis confirmed that the Thai LSDV possesses a mosaic hybrid genome containing the vaccine virus DNA as the backbone and a field strain DNA as the minor donor. This is an inclusive report on the disease distributions, complete diagnoses, and genetic characterisation of LSDV during the first wave of LSD outbreaks in Thailand.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2306-7381 2306-7381
DOI:	10.3390/vetsci9100542