Harnessing Sorghum Landraces to Breed High-Yielding, Grain Mold-Tolerant Cultivars With High Protein for Drought-Prone Environments

Intermittent drought and an incidence of grain mold disease are the two major constraints affecting sorghum production and productivity. The study aimed at developing drought-tolerant sorghum varieties possessing a high protein content and tolerance to grain mold with stable performance using additi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Frontiers in plant science Vol. 12; p. 659874
Main Authors:	Nagesh Kumar, Mallela Venkata, Ramya, Vittal, Govindaraj, Mahalingam, Sameer Kumar, Chanda Venkata, Maheshwaramma, Setaboyine, Gokenpally, Seshu, Prabhakar, Mathyam, Krishna, Hariprasanna, Sridhar, Mulinti, Venkata Ramana, Maparla, Avil Kumar, Kodari, Jagadeeshwar, Rumandla
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A 30-06-2021
Subjects:	AMMI drought tolerance G × E interaction grain mold landraces Plant Science sorghum
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	Intermittent drought and an incidence of grain mold disease are the two major constraints affecting sorghum production and productivity. The study aimed at developing drought-tolerant sorghum varieties possessing a high protein content and tolerance to grain mold with stable performance using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Systematic hybridization among the 11 superior landraces resulted in subsequent pedigree-based breeding and selection from 2010 to 2015 evolved 19 promising varieties of grains such as white, yellow, and brown pericarp grains. These grain varieties were evaluated for their adaptability and stability for yield in 13 rainfed environments and for possessing tolerance to grain mold in three hot spot environments. A variety of yellow pericarp sorghum PYPS 2 (3,698 kg/ha; 14.52% protein; 10.70 mg/100 g Fe) possessing tolerance to grain mold was identified as a stable variety by using both AMMI and GGE analyses. Four mega-environments were identified for grain yield and fodder yield. Sorghum varieties PYPS 2, PYPS 4, PYPS 8, and PYPS 11 were highly stable in E2 with a low grain mold incidence. Besides meeting the nutritional demand of smallholder farmers under dryland conditions, these varieties are suitable for enhancing sorghum productivity under the present climate change scenario.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Surinder Banga, Punjab Agricultural University, India; Arindam Ghatak, University of Vienna, Austria Edited by: Thomas Miedaner, University of Hohenheim, Germany This article was submitted to Plant Breeding, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science
ISSN:	1664-462X 1664-462X
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2021.659874