Do You Know What You Drink? Comparative Research on the Contents of Radioisotopes and Heavy Metals in Different Types of Tea from Various Parts of the World

The aim of this study was to assess the potential health risks of radioactive elements and heavy metals ingested through the consumption of various types of tea imported to the Polish market (black, green, red, oolong and white). The concentrations [Bq/kg] of radionuclides ( K, Cs, Ra, Pb and Th) in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Foods Vol. 13; no. 5; p. 742
Main Authors:	Grządka, Elżbieta, Bastrzyk, Anna, Orzeł, Jolanta, Oszczak-Nowińska, Agata, Fliszkiewicz, Bartłomiej, Siemieniuk, Mateusz, Sobczyński, Krzysztof, Spławski, Olgierd, Gołębiowska, Katarzyna, Ronda, Oskar, Cieślik, Bartłomiej Michał
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 28-02-2024 MDPI
Subjects:	Brewing Cadmium Cesium 137 Cesium isotopes Cesium radioisotopes Chromium Consumption Copper Germanium Health aspects health risk assessment Health risks Heavy metals International economic relations Iron Leaching Lead isotopes Manganese Metal industry Molybdenum Oxidation Polyphenols Quotients Radiation Radioactivity Radioisotopes Radium 226 Radium isotopes Radium radioisotopes Sensors Spectrometry Tea Brazil Poland Sri Lanka China Australia Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia India tea radioisotopes health risk assessment heavy metals
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Summary:	The aim of this study was to assess the potential health risks of radioactive elements and heavy metals ingested through the consumption of various types of tea imported to the Polish market (black, green, red, oolong and white). The concentrations [Bq/kg] of radionuclides ( K, Cs, Ra, Pb and Th) in tea leaves before and after brewing were measured using γ-ray spectrometry with high-purity germanium (HPGe). The concentrations [mg/kg] of the studied elements (Fe, Cr, Cu, Mo, Al, Mn, Ni, P, V, Cd and Pb) were determined using a microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometer (MIP-OES). The results presented here will help to expand the database of heavy metals and radioactivity in teas. With regard to the potential health risk, the percentage of leaching of individual elements in different types of tea infusions was determined, and the assessment of the consumption risk was estimated. Since the calculated exposure factors, namely the HQ (Hazard Quotient) and THQ (Target Hazard Quotient), do not exceed critical levels, teas can still be considered health-beneficial products (most of the radionuclides as well as elements remain in the leaves (65-80%) after brewing).
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2304-8158 2304-8158
DOI:	10.3390/foods13050742