Highlights in Resistance Mechanism Pathways for Combination Therapy

Combination chemotherapy has been a mainstay in cancer treatment for the last 60 years. Although the mechanisms of action and signaling pathways affected by most treatments with single antineoplastic agents might be relatively well understood, most combinations remain poorly understood. This review...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 8; no. 9; p. 1013
Main Authors:	Delou, João M A, Souza, Alana S O, Souza, Leonel C M, Borges, Helena L
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 30-08-2019 MDPI
Subjects:	ABC transporters Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - pharmacology Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use Antitumor agents Cancer therapies Cell cycle Cell death Chemoresistance Chemotherapy Clinical trials cytotoxic chemotherapy Cytotoxicity Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Neoplasm drugs mechanisms of action Enzymes FDA approval hallmarks of cancer Homeostasis Humans Leukemia Metabolism Mutation Neoplasms - drug therapy Pharmaceutical industry resistance mechanisms Review Signal transduction Signal Transduction - drug effects targeted therapy cytotoxic chemotherapy targeted therapy cell death resistance mechanisms hallmarks of cancer drugs mechanisms of action
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Summary:	Combination chemotherapy has been a mainstay in cancer treatment for the last 60 years. Although the mechanisms of action and signaling pathways affected by most treatments with single antineoplastic agents might be relatively well understood, most combinations remain poorly understood. This review presents the most common alterations of signaling pathways in response to cytotoxic and targeted anticancer drug treatments, with a discussion of how the knowledge of signaling pathways might support and orient the development of innovative strategies for anticancer combination therapy. The ultimate goal is to highlight possible strategies of chemotherapy combinations based on the signaling pathways associated with the resistance mechanisms against anticancer drugs to maximize the selective induction of cancer cell death. We consider this review an extensive compilation of updated known information on chemotherapy resistance mechanisms to promote new combination therapies to be to discussed and tested.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	2073-4409 2073-4409
DOI:	10.3390/cells8091013