Effects of Amount and Profile of Amino Acids Supply on Lactation Performance, Mammary Gland Metabolism, and Nitrogen Efficiency in Holstein Dairy Cows

To evaluate the effects of amount and profile of amino acid (AA) on milk protein yield (MPY), mammary metabolism, and efficiency of nitrogen use (ENU), ten cows were used in 5 × 5 replicated Latin squares and fed a positive control (16.1% crude protein-CP) or two lower CP diets (14.6 and 13.2%) with...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Animals (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 11; p. 1866
Main Authors:	Danes, Marina A. C, Paula, Eduardo M, Parys, Claudia, Souza, Gleiciele M, Rezende, João Pedro A, Broderick, Glen A, Wattiaux, Michel A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 03-06-2023 MDPI
Subjects:	Abomasum Absorptivity Amino acids Analysis Arrays Catabolism Cattle Cow's milk Dairy cattle dairy cows Diet Efficiency Ethyl nitrosourea Feeds Goats Ingredients Lactation Low protein diet Mammary gland mammary gland metabolism Mammary glands Metabolism Metabolites Milk Milk production Nitrogen nitrogen efficiency Nutrient deficiency Physiological aspects Plasma protein Protein turnover Proteins Soybeans United States > US Germany
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Summary:	To evaluate the effects of amount and profile of amino acid (AA) on milk protein yield (MPY), mammary metabolism, and efficiency of nitrogen use (ENU), ten cows were used in 5 × 5 replicated Latin squares and fed a positive control (16.1% crude protein-CP) or two lower CP diets (14.6 and 13.2%) with or without essential AA (EAA) infusion. The EAA solutions provided predicted limiting EAA in each treatment and were continuously infused into the abomasum of the cows. Milk production and MPY were not affected by treatment (mean 35.4 kg/d and 1.03 kg/d, respectively). Efficiency of nitrogen utilization was increased as dietary CP decreased but was not affected by EAA infusion (p < 0.01). Energy-corrected milk production was increased by EAA infusion into 13.2% CP, but not into 14.6% CP diet (p = 0.09), reaching the positive control value. Infusions increased mammary affinity for non-infused EAA (Ile, Phe, Thr, and Trp), allowing the same MPY despite lower arterial concentrations of these AA. Higher arterial concentrations of infused EAA did not increase their mammary uptake and MPY (p = 0.40; p = 0.85). Mammary metabolism did not fully explain changes in N efficiency, suggesting that it might be driven by less extramammary catabolism as AA supply was reduced.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2076-2615 2076-2615
DOI:	10.3390/ani13111866