Taenia crassiceps antigens induce a Th2 immune response and attenuate injuries experimentally induced by neurotoxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice

Taenia crassiceps antigens induce a Th2 immune response and attenuate injuries experimentally induced by neurotoxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice

Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogenic agent responsible for causing both systemic and local disease which elicits a typically pro-inflammatory, Th1 immune response. Taenia crassiceps antigen induces a Th2 immune response that immunomodulates Th1 based infections. Therefore the aim of this study was to e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasitology international Vol. 67; no. 1; pp. 16 - 22
Main Authors: Souza, Amanda J.S., Milhomem, Anália C., Rezende, Hanstter H.A., Matos-Silva, Hidelberto, Vinaud, Marina C., Oliveira, Milton A.P., Castro, Ana M., Lino-Júnior, Ruy S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-02-2018
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens, Helminth - immunology
Co-infection
Cysticercosis - immunology
Cysticercosis - parasitology
Cysticercus - immunology
Female
Immune reponse
Immunomodulation
Interleukin-4 - immunology
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Neurocysticercosis
Neurotoxoplasmosis
Taenia crassiceps
Toxoplasma - physiology
Toxoplasma gondi
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - immunology
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - parasitology
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - physiopathology
Neurotoxoplasmosis
Immune reponse
Neurocysticercosis
Co-infection
Taenia crassiceps
Toxoplasma gondi
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Summary:Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogenic agent responsible for causing both systemic and local disease which elicits a typically pro-inflammatory, Th1 immune response. Taenia crassiceps antigen induces a Th2 immune response that immunomodulates Th1 based infections. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate whether T. crassiceps cysticerci antigens are able to modulate the inflammatory response triggered in experimental neurotoxoplasmosis (NT). BALB/c mice were inoculated with T. gondii cysts and/or cysticerci antigens and euthanized at 60 and 90days after inoculation (DAI). The histopathology of the brains and cytokines produced by spleen cells culture were performed. The animals from the NT group, 90DAI (NT90), presented greater intensity of lesions such as vasculitis, meningitis and microgliosis and cytokines from Th1 profile characterized by high levels of IFN-gamma. While in the T. crassiceps antigens group, 60DAI, there were more discrete lesions and high levels of IL-4, a Th2 cytokine. In the NT co-inoculated with cysticerci antigens group the parenchyma lesions were more discrete with lower levels of IFN-gamma and higher levels of IL-4 when compared to NT90. Therefore the inoculation of T. crassiceps antigens attenuated the brain lesions caused by T. gondii inducing a Th2 immune response. Experimental design – oral inoculation of Toxoplasma gondii cysts at day 0; serological confirmation of T. gondii infection at day 30 by indirect immunofluorescence (IFI); Intracranial inoculation of Taenia crassiceps antigens in a group of animals infected with T. gondii (CO-IN group) and in another group of animals without T. gondii infection (TCA group). Two control groups of non-infected animals were performed, one euthanized at 60days and the other at 90days. Histopathological and interleukin analyzes were performed. The co-inoculated group showed less severe brain injuries and lower levels of IFN-gamma when compared to the neurotoxoplasmosis group. [Display omitted] •Neurotoxoplasmosis inflammation is attenuated by Taenia crassiceps antigens.•T. crassiceps antigens induced more discrete parenchyma lesions in neurotoxoplasmosis.•T. crassiceps antigens induced lower levels of IFN-gamma and higher levels of IL-4 in neurotoxoplasmosis.
ISSN:1383-5769
1873-0329
DOI:10.1016/j.parint.2017.10.001