Increased DMT-1 expression in placentas of women living in high-Cd-contaminated areas of Thailand

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and contamination was reported in soil and rice in several areas of Thailand. Humans are normally exposed to environmental Cd, leading to gradual Cd accumulation in their bodies, including the placenta. DMT-1 is a divalent metal transporter which is found in place...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 141 - 151
Main Authors:	Somsuan, Keerakarn, Phuapittayalert, Laorrat, Srithongchai, Yupa, Sonthi, Pattaraporn, Supanpaiboon, Wisa, Hipkaeo, Wiphawi, Sakulsak, Natthiya
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2019 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Blood Cadmium Cadmium - adverse effects Cadmium - blood Capillaries Cation Transport Proteins - metabolism Contamination Cytoplasm Decidua Divalent metal transporter-1 Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Endothelium Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Female Fetus - drug effects Fetus - metabolism Fetuses Heavy metals Humans Iron Localization Maternal Exposure - adverse effects Oryza - chemistry Placenta Placenta - metabolism Pregnancy Prenatal development Proteins Research Article Soil - chemistry Soil contamination Soil Pollutants - adverse effects Soil Pollutants - analysis Thailand Transcription Trophoblasts - metabolism Uterus Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control Thailand Cadmium (Cd) Placenta Divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT-1)
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Summary:	Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and contamination was reported in soil and rice in several areas of Thailand. Humans are normally exposed to environmental Cd, leading to gradual Cd accumulation in their bodies, including the placenta. DMT-1 is a divalent metal transporter which is found in placental tissue and plays a vital role in the transportation of Fe 2+ and Cd 2+ . This study investigated DMT-1 protein and mRNA expressions in full term human placentas comparing those from high-Cd-contaminated areas (high-Cd group) and low-Cd-contaminated areas (low-Cd group), n = 6 per group. The maternal blood Cd (B-Cd) and placental Cd (P-Cd) of the high-Cd group was significantly raised in comparison with those in the low-Cd group. DMT-1 in the fetal portion of the placentas was localized in the apical and basal portions of the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblastic cells, the endothelium of fetal capillaries which is functional structure of the placental barrier, and was also found in the cytoplasm of Hofbauer cells. Moreover, DMT-1 localization in the maternal portion was also detected in most decidual cells. In addition, the DMT-1 protein and mRNA expressions in the high-Cd group were significantly higher than those in the low-Cd group. Therefore, we suggest that pregnant women, who are exposed to environmental Cd, show an increased level of Cd in their maternal blood and this Cd can accumulate in the placenta. Intracellular Cd may induce DMT-1 mRNA transcription which further translates into DMT-1 protein, which can then function as a reciprocal Cd transporter in placental tissue.
ISSN:	0944-1344 1614-7499
DOI:	10.1007/s11356-018-3598-2