Genetic Diversity and Agronomic Improvement of North American Soybean Germplasm

Genetic Diversity and Agronomic Improvement of North American Soybean Germplasm

From 1970 to 2008 there were 2242 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars registered in North America through U.S. Plant Variety Protection (PVP), U.S. utility patent, and journal registration. Of these, 80% were developed through proprietary and 20% through public programs. Our objective was to...

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Published in:Crop science Vol. 50; no. 4; pp. 1219 - 1229
Main Authors: Mikel, Mark A, Diers, Brian W, Nelson, Randall L, Smith, Hebron H
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Madison Crop Science Society of America 01-07-2010
American Society of Agronomy
Subjects:
agronomic traits
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
backcrossing
Biological and medical sciences
breeding lines
Crop yield
Cultivars
field crops
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Generalities. Genetics. Plant material
Genetic diversity
genetic improvement
Genetic resources, diversity
genetic variation
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
germplasm
Glycine max
Inbreeding
pedigree
plant breeding
plant genetic resources
Plant material
Proprietary
Public access
Soybeans
North America
America
United States > US
Grain legume
Germplasm
Leguminosae
Dicotyledones
Agronomy
Angiospermae
Spermatophyta
Genetic diversity
Soybean
Glycine max
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Summary:From 1970 to 2008 there were 2242 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars registered in North America through U.S. Plant Variety Protection (PVP), U.S. utility patent, and journal registration. Of these, 80% were developed through proprietary and 20% through public programs. Our objective was to characterize the development and genetic diversity of North American soybean cultivars. The most frequently used germplasm for cultivar development were the cultivars Williams (parent used in last cross before inbreeding in 70 cultivars), A3127 (63), Essex (45), Amsoy (38), Corsoy (33), Wayne (30), Forrest (27), Hutcheson (25), MO13404 (23), and Bedford (23). Genetic diversity (1 – coefficient of parentage), estimated from pedigree lineage, was 0.89 overall. Genetic diversity was the same within public (0.89) and proprietary (0.89) cultivars. The cultivar A3127 is a major progenitor of recently developed proprietary cultivars registered from 1999 to 2008. Of these 494 cultivars, 23% have a genetic contribution of at least 25% from A3127. New cultivars were predominantly developed from the following crosses: two-parent (70% of cultivars developed), complex (12%), three-parent (5%), one backcross (5%), multiple (two, three, or four) backcrosses (3%), and five or greater backcrosses (2%). In comparisons where both parent and progeny were evaluated together, seed yield increased 3.2% per breeding cycle. In these comparisons, seed yield had a correlation of 0.29 with parental diversity.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.08.0456
http://hdl.handle.net/10113/43379
All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.
ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
ISSN:0011-183X
1435-0653
1435-0653
DOI:10.2135/cropsci2009.08.0456