Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralising Antibodies of Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities

Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralising Antibodies of Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities

Introduction Elderly residents of nursing homes (NHs) and long-term care units (LTCUs) have been shown to have a high risk of mortality and morbidity in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The objective of this study was to examine the kinetics of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) directed against the SARS-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition, health & aging Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 57 - 63
Main Authors: Moyet, J., Helle, F., Bourdenet, G., Joseph, C., Gubler, B., Deschasse, G., Defouilloy, I., Slovenski, T., François, C., Liabeuf, S., Schmit, J. L., Lanoix, J. P., Castelain, S., Bloch, Frédéric, Brochot, E.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Paris Springer Paris 01-01-2022
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Subjects:
Aged
Aging
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing
BNT162 Vaccine
COVID-19
COVID-19 Vaccines
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Humans
Immune system
Kinetics
Life Sciences
Long term health care
Long-Term Care
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurosciences
Nutrition
Older people
Original Research
Primary Care Medicine
Quality of Life Research
SARS-CoV-2
Serology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
immunosenescence
nursing homes
serological assay
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Summary:Introduction Elderly residents of nursing homes (NHs) and long-term care units (LTCUs) have been shown to have a high risk of mortality and morbidity in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The objective of this study was to examine the kinetics of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) directed against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in residents of the NH and LTCU units of our University Hospital who were identified with positive serology after the first epidemic outbreak. Materials and Methods The participants included were sampled every three months for qualitative serological testing, as well as quantitative testing by neutralization tests using retroviral particles containing the S glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination using the Comirnaty (Pfizer BNT162b2) vaccine begun before the last serological follow-up. Results The median NAb titer in June 2020 was 80 [40; 60] versus 40 [40; 160] three months later, showing a statistically significant decline (p < 0.007), but remained stable between the three- and six-month timepoints (p = 0.867). By nine months after vaccination, we observed a significant difference between vaccinated residents known to have positive serology before vaccination (SERO+, Vacc+) and those vaccinated without having previously shown COVID-19 seroconversion (SERO−, Vacc+), the latter group showing similar titers to the SERO+, Vacc- participants (p=0.166). The median antibody titer in SERO+, Vacc+ patients increased 15-fold following vaccination. Discussion Humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 appears to be persistent in elderly institutionalized patients, with a good post-vaccination response by residents who had already shown seroconversion but a notably diminished response by those who were seronegative before vaccination. To evaluate immunity in its entirety and elaborate a sound vaccination strategy, the cellular immune response via T cells specific to SARS-CoV-2 merits analysis, as this response is susceptible to being affected by immunosenescence.
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PMCID: PMC8683825
ISSN:1279-7707
1760-4788
1760-4788
DOI:10.1007/s12603-021-1713-4