BedMachine v3: Complete Bed Topography and Ocean Bathymetry Mapping of Greenland From Multibeam Echo Sounding Combined With Mass Conservation

Greenland's bed topography is a primary control on ice flow, grounding line migration, calving dynamics, and subglacial drainage. Moreover, fjord bathymetry regulates the penetration of warm Atlantic water (AW) that rapidly melts and undercuts Greenland's marine‐terminating glaciers. Here...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Geophysical research letters Vol. 44; no. 21; pp. 11,051 - 11,061
Main Authors:	Morlighem, M., Williams, C. N., Rignot, E., An, L., Arndt, J. E., Bamber, J. L., Catania, G., Chauché, N., Dowdeswell, J. A., Dorschel, B., Fenty, I., Hogan, K., Howat, I., Hubbard, A., Jakobsson, M., Jordan, T. M., Kjeldsen, K. K., Millan, R., Mayer, L., Mouginot, J., Noël, B. P. Y., O'Cofaigh, C., Palmer, S., Rysgaard, S., Seroussi, H., Siegert, M. J., Slabon, P., Straneo, F., van den Broeke, M. R., Weinrebe, W., Wood, M., Zinglersen, K. B.
Format:	Journal Article Web Resource
Language:	English
Published:	United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 16-11-2017 Blackwell Publishing Ltd John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:	Banks (topography) Basins Bathymetry Conservation Cryosphere Cryospheric Change Drainage control Dynamics Earth and Planetary Sciences (all) Earth sciences & physical geography Echo sounding Echoes Echosounding Fjords General Earth and Planetary Sciences Geophysics Glaciation Glaciers Glaciohydrology Glaciology Global Change Greenland Greenland ice sheet Hydrology Ice calving Ice Cores Ice cover Ice sheets Ice Streams Ice thickness Instruments and Techniques mass conservation Melts Migration multibeam echo sounding Multibeams Ocean basins Ocean floor Oceans Outlets Paleoceanography Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre radar echo sounding Radar echoes Research Letter Research Letters Sciences de la terre & géographie physique Sea level Slope Snow and Ice The Arctic: An AGU Joint Special Collection Topography Topography (geology) Greenland glaciology bathymetry radar echo sounding mass conservation multibeam echo sounding Greenland
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Summary:	Greenland's bed topography is a primary control on ice flow, grounding line migration, calving dynamics, and subglacial drainage. Moreover, fjord bathymetry regulates the penetration of warm Atlantic water (AW) that rapidly melts and undercuts Greenland's marine‐terminating glaciers. Here we present a new compilation of Greenland bed topography that assimilates seafloor bathymetry and ice thickness data through a mass conservation approach. A new 150 m horizontal resolution bed topography/bathymetric map of Greenland is constructed with seamless transitions at the ice/ocean interface, yielding major improvements over previous data sets, particularly in the marine‐terminating sectors of northwest and southeast Greenland. Our map reveals that the total sea level potential of the Greenland ice sheet is 7.42 ± 0.05 m, which is 7 cm greater than previous estimates. Furthermore, it explains recent calving front response of numerous outlet glaciers and reveals new pathways by which AW can access glaciers with marine‐based basins, thereby highlighting sectors of Greenland that are most vulnerable to future oceanic forcing. Key Points We present a comprehensive, seamless bed topography across the ice‐ocean margin around Greenland Two to 4 times more glaciers have calving fronts grounded below 200 m compared to previous mappings Total ice volume of Greenland is 2.99 ± 0.02 times 106 km3, yielding a potential sea level rise of 7.42 m, 7 cm greater than previous estimates
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85035102064
ISSN:	0094-8276 1944-8007 1944-8007
DOI:	10.1002/2017GL074954