Effects of endophytes Trichoderma amazonicum and Acremonium strictum on fungal pathogens of Paspalum
In natural ecosystems, many plants engage in symbiotic interactions with fungal endophytes which can have impacts on host plant communities. In South American grasslands, several endophytes have been isolated from different Paspalum species. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antagonistic effe...
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| Published in: | Crop science Vol. 63; no. 6; pp. 3498 - 3508 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
01-11-2023
|
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | In natural ecosystems, many plants engage in symbiotic interactions with fungal endophytes which can have impacts on host plant communities. In South American grasslands, several endophytes have been isolated from different
Paspalum
species. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antagonistic effect of endophytes
Trichoderma amazonicum
and
Acremonium strictum
against
Claviceps paspali
through in vitro and in vivo assays. In addition, they were evaluated as biocontrol agents against fungal pathogens which produce leaf spots such as
Alternaria alternata
and
Bipolaris
sp. through in vitro experiments. The in vitro assessment was conducted by dual culture between the antagonists and the three pathogens. For the in vivo assay, plants of
Paspalum notatum
and
Paspalum dilatatum
were planted in the field in a completely randomized block design with six replications. Three treatments were applied: T1 = endophyte inoculum, T2 = fungicide, and T3 = control. Seed yield, seed set, healthy seed set, and weight of healthy seed set per kilogram of seeds were evaluated for three timepoints.
Trichoderma amazonicum
exhibited a high growth inhibition, while
A. strictum
a moderate to low effect in vitro. In the in vivo assay, significant differences were observed among treatments in both species. T1 increased the kilogram of healthy seed set per 100 kg of seed by increasing the seed set and weight of healthy seed set in at least one of the evaluated dates in
P. notatum
and
P. dilatatum
. Based on these results,
T. amazonicum
and
A. strictum
have antagonistic effects on the pathogens assessed.
Fungal endophyte
Trichoderma amazonicum
could be used to increase seed yield in
Paspalum notatum
.
Fungal endophyte
Acremonium strictum
could be used to increase seed yield in
Paspalum dilatatum
.
Trichoderma amazonicum
and
Acremonium strictum
have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents for frequent grass diseases. |
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| ISSN: | 0011-183X 1435-0653 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/csc2.21113 |