Immunological Memory after Exposure to Variola Virusm Monkeypox Virus, and Vaccinia Virus

We compared cellular and humoral immunity to vaccinia virus (VV) in individuals exposed to 3 different orthopoxviruses: 154 individuals previously vaccinated with VV, 7 individuals with a history of monkeypox virus infection, and 8 individuals with a history of variola virus infection. Among individ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 195; no. 8; pp. 1151 - 1159
Main Authors:	Sivapalasingan, Sumathi, Kennedy, Jeffrey S., Borkowsky, William, Valentines, Fred, Zhan, Ming-Xia, Pazoles, Pamela, Paolino, Anna, Ennis, Francis A., Steigbigel, Neal H.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	The University of Chicago Press 15-04-2007
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	We compared cellular and humoral immunity to vaccinia virus (VV) in individuals exposed to 3 different orthopoxviruses: 154 individuals previously vaccinated with VV, 7 individuals with a history of monkeypox virus infection, and 8 individuals with a history of variola virus infection. Among individuals vaccinated >20 years prior, 9 (14%) of 66 individuals demonstrated VV-specific interferon (IFN)—γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay responses; 21 (50%) of 42 had lymphoproliferative (LP) responses, and 29 (97%) of 30 had VV-specific neutralizing antibodies. One year after monkeypox virus infection, 6 of 7 individuals had IFN-γ ELISPOT responses, all had VV-specific LP responses, and 3 of 7 had VV-specific neutralizing antibodies. Of 8 individuals with a history of variola virus infection, 1 had a VV-specific IFN-γ ELISPOT response, 4 had LP responses against whole VV, 7 had LP responses against heat-denatured vaccinia antigen, and 7 had VVspecific neutralizing antibodies. Survivors of variola virus infection demonstrated VV-specific CD4 memory cell responses and neutralizing antibodies >40 years after infection.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/HXZ-K5TT3SBR-P istex:CEE67FD1FF7FC76407495252CB4BAFB9214F4237 Present affiliation: Wadsworth Center, Molecular Medicine, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York.
ISSN:	0022-1899 1537-6613
DOI:	10.1086/512161