Evaluation of genotoxic effects in workers and residents of rural areas exposed to pesticides in Brazil

Evaluation of genotoxic effects in workers and residents of rural areas exposed to pesticides in Brazil

Brazil is one of the world’s largest consumers of pesticides. This intense use impacts the environment and exposes a wide range of individuals to pesticides, including rural workers who are occupationally exposed and rural residents who are environmentally exposed. We aimed to evaluate the effects o...

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Published in:Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis Vol. 898; p. 503795
Main Authors: Amazonas, Juliana Costa, Poça, Katia Soares da, da Silva, Paula Vieira Baptista, Schilithz, Arthur Orlando Correa, Siqueira, Janas Darc dos Santos Barros, de Aguiar, Gilberto Santos, Alves, Sergio Rabello, Otero, Ubirani Barros, Sarpa, Marcia
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-08-2024
Subjects:
Acetylcholinesterase
Adult
Brazil
Butyrylcholinesterase - genetics
Cholinesterase
Comet Assay
DNA Damage - drug effects
Farmers
Female
Genotoxicity
Humans
Male
Micronucleus Tests
Middle Aged
Occupational exposure
Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
Pesticides
Pesticides - toxicity
Rural Population
Urban Population
Brazil
Occupational exposure
Cholinesterase
Pesticides
Genotoxicity
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Summary:Brazil is one of the world’s largest consumers of pesticides. This intense use impacts the environment and exposes a wide range of individuals to pesticides, including rural workers who are occupationally exposed and rural residents who are environmentally exposed. We aimed to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to pesticides on the health of rural workers and rural residents. We conducted an epidemiological study with 104 farmers and 23 rural residents of Casimiro de Abreu (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). A comparison group (urban residents) comprised 103 residents of the urban area of the same city. We determined the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using a modified version of Ellman’s method to evaluate exposure. In addition, we performed genotoxic and mutagenic analyses with the comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. There was a reduction in cholinesterase activity, mainly BChE, in rural workers and rural residents compared with urban residents (p = 0.002). There was an increase in genotoxic effects in rural workers compared with urban residents (comet assay, p < 0.001; CBMN assay, p < 0.001). In addition, there was a greater chance of genotoxic changes in rural workers exposed to pesticides based on the comet assay (odds ratio [OR] 7.6, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 6.6–15.9) and the CBMN assay (OR 22.7, 95 % CI 10.3–49.9). We found that individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides are more likely to have genotoxic effects. These findings are useful for the development of programs to monitor populations exposed to genotoxic substances and allow the development of strategies for the prevention, control, and surveillance of effects that result from occupational and environmental exposures to pesticides. •Occupational exposure to pesticide increase genotoxic effects in rural workers.•Rural residents of farmer area had more chance to have cancer than urban residents.•Decrease at cholinesterase enzymes show organophosphate exposure.
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ISSN:1383-5718
1879-3592
1879-3592
DOI:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503795