Diabetic ketoacidosis and COVID-19: what have we learned so far?

In December 2019, a pandemic emerged due to a new coronavirus that imposed various uncertainties and discoveries. It has been reported that diabetes is a risk factor for worst outcomes of COVID-19 and also that SARS-CoV-2 infection was correlated with the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 322; no. 1; p. E44
Main Authors:	de Sá-Ferreira, Caio Oliveira, da Costa, Camila Helena Macedo, Guimarães, João Campos Wiltgen, Sampaio, Nathasha Souza, Silva, Leticia de Moraes Lopes, de Mascarenhas, Larissa Paula, Rodrigues, Nicollas Garcia, Dos Santos, Talita Labonia, Campos, Solange, Young, Esther Cytrynbaum
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 01-01-2022
Subjects:	Blood Glucose - analysis Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - metabolism Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - drug therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - metabolism Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism Diabetic Ketoacidosis - complications Diabetic Ketoacidosis - drug therapy Diabetic Ketoacidosis - metabolism Humans Hyperglycemia - complications Hyperglycemia - drug therapy Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use Insulin - administration & dosage Insulin - therapeutic use Prognosis Risk Factors Telemedicine COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 diabetes mellitus diabetic ketoacidosis
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Summary:	In December 2019, a pandemic emerged due to a new coronavirus that imposed various uncertainties and discoveries. It has been reported that diabetes is a risk factor for worst outcomes of COVID-19 and also that SARS-CoV-2 infection was correlated with the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients. The aim of this work is to discuss this correlation emphasizing the main case reports from 2020 while exploring the management of DKA during the course of COVID-19. Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched using two sets of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) search terms or Title/Abstract words: Coronavirus Infections (Coronavirus Infections, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, COVID-19) and Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Diabetic Acidosis, Diabetic Ketosis). There is a clear correlation between COVID-19 and DKA. The SARS-Cov-2 infection may precipitate both a hyperglycemic state and ketoacidosis occurrence in patients with diabetes and nondiabetic patients, which may lead to fatal outcomes. DKA in patients with COVID-19 may increase risk and worse outcomes. Hence, the SARS-Cov-2 infection presents a new perspective toward the management of glycemia and acidosis in patients with diabetes and nondiabetic patients, highlighting the need for rapid interventions to minimize the complications from COVID-19 while reducing its spreading.
ISSN:	1522-1555
DOI:	10.1152/ajpendo.00244.2021