The Role of Mossy Cell Death and Activation of Protein Synthesis in the Sprouting of Dentate Mossy Fibers: Evidence from Calretinin and Neo‐Timm Staining in Pilocarpine‐Epileptic Mice

Mossy fiber sprouting is a major anatomical reorganization seen in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and animal models of epilepsy. The final outcome of this reorganization is viewed by many as epileptogenic. Yet, important and relevant data from both human and animal models of epilepsy challenge...

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Published in:	Epilepsia (Copenhagen) Vol. 41; no. s6; pp. S18 - S23
Main Authors:	Silva, Julieta G., Mello, Luiz E. A. M.
Format:	Journal Article Conference Proceeding
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-01-2000 Blackwell
Subjects:	Animals Biological and medical sciences Calbindin 2 Cell Death - physiology Dendrites - physiology Dendrites - ultrastructure Dentate gyrus Dentate Gyrus - cytology Dentate Gyrus - metabolism Dentate Gyrus - physiopathology Disease Models, Animal Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - diagnosis Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - metabolism Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - physiopathology GAP-43 Protein - biosynthesis GAP‐43 Granule cells Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy Hippocampus Humans Medical sciences Mice Mossy cells Mossy fiber sprouting Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal - physiology Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal - ultrastructure Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Neurology Neuronal Plasticity Pilocarpine S100 Calcium Binding Protein G Staining and Labeling Status epilepticus Status Epilepticus - chemically induced Status Epilepticus - diagnosis Status Epilepticus - metabolism Synaptic reorganization Temporal lobe epilepsy Tropical medicine Human Mossy fiber Nervous system diseases Pathophysiology Pathogenesis Protein synthesis Epilepsy Central nervous system disease Trophic factor Synaptic plasticity Status epilepticus Cerebral disorder
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Summary:	Mossy fiber sprouting is a major anatomical reorganization seen in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and animal models of epilepsy. The final outcome of this reorganization is viewed by many as epileptogenic. Yet, important and relevant data from both human and animal models of epilepsy challenge this prevailing view. Regardless of the outcome of this debate, understanding of the mechanisms that underlie mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) might contribute to our understanding of both the adaptive and maladaptive changes that take place in the nervous system after injury. Available evidence suggests that two events might be crucial for mossy fibers to sprout in epilepsy: the death of mossy cells and the synthesis of trophic factors. The availability of means that prevent MFS, which is normally triggered after induction of status epilepticus, allow for the testing of hypotheses regarding the need for and the sufficiency of specific events for mossy fibers to sprout. We present data on a specific marker for mossy cells, calretinin, in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy in mice. Our data suggest that in the presence of a protein synthesis inhibitor status epilepticus—induced death of mossy cells is not sufficient to trigger mossy fiber sprouting. We suggest that both events, mossy cell death and synthesis of trophic factors, might be necessary for robust MFS to ensue.
ISSN:	0013-9580 1528-1167
DOI:	10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb01551.x