IFN-[gamma] Plays a Unique Role in Protection against Low Virulent Trypanosoma cruzi Strain

IFN-[gamma] Plays a Unique Role in Protection against Low Virulent Trypanosoma cruzi Strain

Background T. cruzi strains have been divided into six discrete typing units (DTUs) according to their genetic background. These groups are designated T. cruzi I to VI. In this context, amastigotes from G strain (T. cruzi I) are highly infective in vitro and show no parasitemia in vivo. Here we aime...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol. 6; no. 4
Main Authors: Rodrigues, Adele A, Saosa, Jasson SS, Silva, Grace Kda, Martins, Flávia A, Silva, Aline Ada, Neto, da SilvaSouza, Horta, Catarina V, Zamboni, Dario S, Silva, João Sda, Ferro, Eloisa AV, Silva, Claudio Vda
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 01-04-2012
Subjects:
Animal euthanasia
Chagas disease
Cytokines
Infections
Laboratory animals
Nitric oxide
Parasites
Protozoa
Tropical diseases
Virulence
Latin America
Chagas Disease
Interferon-gamma
Animals
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Female
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Parasitemia
Mice, Knockout
Trypanosoma cruzi
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Summary:Background T. cruzi strains have been divided into six discrete typing units (DTUs) according to their genetic background. These groups are designated T. cruzi I to VI. In this context, amastigotes from G strain (T. cruzi I) are highly infective in vitro and show no parasitemia in vivo. Here we aimed to understand why amastigotes from G strain are highly infective in vitro and do not contribute for a patent in vivo infection. Methodology/Principal Findings Our in vitro studies demonstrated the first evidence that IFN-γ would be associated to the low virulence of G strain in vivo. After intraperitoneal amastigotes inoculation in wild-type and knockout mice for TNF-α, Nod2, Myd88, iNOS, IL-12p40, IL-18, CD4, CD8 and IFN-γ we found that the latter is crucial for controlling infection by G strain amastigotes. Conclusions/Significance Our results showed that amastigotes from G strain are highly infective in vitro but did not contribute for a patent infection in vivo due to its susceptibility to IFN-γ production by host immune cells. These data are useful to understand the mechanisms underlying the contrasting behavior of different T. cruzi groups for in vitro and in vivo infection.
ISSN:1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001598