Analysis of the impact of coronavirus disease 19 on hospitalization rates for chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazil

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted health services and healthcare systems worldwide. Studies have shown that hospital admissions for causes related to chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have decreased significantly during peak pandemic periods. An analysis of the impact o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PloS one Vol. 17; no. 3; p. e0265458
Main Authors:	Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Policena, Gabriela Moreira, Paula, Hellen da Silva Cintra de, Pedroso, Charlise Fortunato, Pinheiro, Raquel Silva, Itria, Alexander, Braga Neto, Olavo de Oliveira, Teixeira, Adriana Melo, Silva, Irisleia Aires, Oliveira, Geraldo Andrade de, Batista, Karla de Aleluia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 24-03-2022 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Admission and discharge Age Brazil Brazil - epidemiology Cardiovascular diseases Control Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Disease control Ecological studies Epidemics Evaluation Health care Health services Hospitalization Hospitals Humans Impact analysis Information systems Medicine and Health Sciences Mitigation Mortality Noncommunicable Diseases - epidemiology Noncommunicable Diseases - therapy Pandemics People and places Public health Public health administration Regression analysis Regression models Respiratory diseases Sex Viral diseases Brazil
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Summary:	The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted health services and healthcare systems worldwide. Studies have shown that hospital admissions for causes related to chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have decreased significantly during peak pandemic periods. An analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for NCDs is essential to implement disability and mortality mitigation strategies for these groups. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for NCDs in Brazil according to the type of NCD, sex, age group, and region of Brazil. This is an ecological study conducted in Brazil. Data on hospital admissions from January 1, 2017 to May 31, 2021 were extracted from the Unified Health System's Hospital Admissions Information System. The hospital admission rates per 100,000 thousand inhabitants were calculated monthly according to the type of NCD, sex, age group, and region of Brazil. Poisson regression models were used to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of hospital admissions. In this study, the pre-pandemic period was set from January 1, 2017 to February 29, 2020 and the during-pandemic from March 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021. There was a 27.0% (95.0%CI: -29.0; -25.0%) decrease in hospital admissions for NCDs after the onset of the pandemic compared to that during the pre-pandemic period. Decreases were found for all types of NCDs-cancer (-23.0%; 95.0%CI: -26.0; -21.0%), diabetes mellitus (-24.0%; 95.0%CI: -25.0%; -22.0%), cardiovascular diseases (-30.0%; 95.0%CI: -31.0%; -28.0%), and chronic respiratory diseases (-29.0%; 95.0%CI: -30.0%; -27.0%). In addition, there was a decrease in the number of admissions, regardless of the age group, sex, and region of Brazil. The Northern and Southern regions demonstrated the largest decrease in the percentage of hospital admissions during the pandemic period. There was a decrease in the hospitalization rate for NCDs in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic in a scenario of social distancing measures and overload of health services.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0265458