In Situ Immune Response in Human Chromoblastomycosis - A Possible Role for Regulatory and Th17 T Cells: e3162

In Situ Immune Response in Human Chromoblastomycosis - A Possible Role for Regulatory and Th17 T Cells e3162

Background Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection that affects skin and subcutaneous tissue. Lesions can be classified in tumorous, verrucous, cicatricial and plaque type. The cellular immune response in the severe form of the disease seems to correlate with a Th2 pattern of cytokines. Th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol. 8; no. 9
Main Authors: Silva, Alves deLima, Criado, Paulo Ricardo, Nunes, Ricardo Spina, Silva, Luiz Ferreirada, Kanashiro-Galo, Luciane, Duarte, Maria IrmaSeixas, Sotto, Mirian N, Pagliari, Carla
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 01-09-2014
Subjects:
Cytokines
Disease
Fungal infections
Fungi
Immune response
Immune system
Lymphocytes
Studies
Tropical diseases
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Summary:Background Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection that affects skin and subcutaneous tissue. Lesions can be classified in tumorous, verrucous, cicatricial and plaque type. The cellular immune response in the severe form of the disease seems to correlate with a Th2 pattern of cytokines. The humoral immune response also seems to play a role. We intended to explore the populations of regulatory T cells and the Th17 pattern. Methodology Twenty-three biopsies of verrucous form were obtained from patients with clinical, culture and histopathological diagnostic of chromoblastomycosis, without treatment. It was performed an immunohistochemistry method to detect Foxp3, CD25, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-17 and IL-23. Principal findings IL-17 was the only cytokine with high expression in CBM when compared to normal skin. The expression of Treg cells, TGF- β, IL-6 and IL-23 were similar to normal skin. Conclusions/Significance The constitution of a local immune response with high expression of IL-17 and low expression of other cytokines could be at least in part, an attempt to help the immune system against fungal infection. On the other hand, high levels of local immune response mediated by Th17 profile could overcome the role of Treg cells. The inefficient immunomodulation as a consequence of the unbalance by Treg/Th17 cells seems to corroborate with the less effective immune response against fungi.
ISSN:1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003162