Anti-CD38 targeted nanotrojan horses stimulated by acoustic waves as therapeutic nanotools selectively against Burkitt’s lymphoma cells

The horizon of nanomedicine research is moving toward the design of therapeutic tools able to be completely safe per se, and simultaneously be capable of becoming toxic when externally activated by stimuli of different nature. Among all the stimuli, ultrasounds come to the fore as an innovative appr...

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Published in:	Discover nano Vol. 19; no. 1; p. 28
Main Authors:	Vighetto, Veronica, Conte, Marzia, Rosso, Giada, Carofiglio, Marco, Sidoti Abate, Federica, Racca, Luisa, Mesiano, Giulia, Cauda, Valentina
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 14-02-2024 Springer Nature B.V Springer
Subjects:	Acoustic waves Acute myeloid leukemia Biomimetic nanoparticles Burkitt's lymphoma CD38 antigen Cell activation Chemistry and Materials Science Cytotoxicity Drug development Horses Hybrid structures Immunotherapy Internalization Invasiveness Irradiation Leukemia Lymphocytes Lymphocytes B Lymphoma Materials Science Metal oxides Molecular Medicine Monoclonal antibody fragments Nanochemistry Nanoparticles Nanoscale Science and Technology Nanotechnology Nanotechnology and Microengineering Optical properties Stimuli Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles Targeted therapy Tumors Ultrasounds Zinc oxide Zinc oxides Ultrasounds Zinc oxide Biomimetic nanoparticles Targeted therapy Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles Monoclonal antibody fragments
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Summary:	The horizon of nanomedicine research is moving toward the design of therapeutic tools able to be completely safe per se, and simultaneously be capable of becoming toxic when externally activated by stimuli of different nature. Among all the stimuli, ultrasounds come to the fore as an innovative approach to produce cytotoxicity on demand in presence of NPs, without invasiveness, with high biosafety and low cost. In this context, zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are among the most promising metal oxide materials for theranostic application due to their optical and semi-conductor properties, high surface reactivity, and their response to ultrasound irradiation. Here, ZnO nanocrystals constitute the stimuli-responsive core with a customized biomimicking lipidic shielding, resembling the composition of natural extracellular vesicles. This core–shell hybrid structure provides high bio- and hemocompatibility towards healthy cells and is here proofed for the treatment of Burkitt’s Lymphoma. This is a very common haematological tumor, typically found in children, for which consolidated therapies are so far the combination of chemo-therapy drugs and targeted immunotherapy. In this work, the proposed safe-by-design antiCD38-targeted hybrid nanosystem exhibits an efficient selectivity toward cancerous cells, and an on-demand activation, leading to a significant killing efficacy due to the synergistic interaction between US and targeted hybrid NPs. Interestingly, this innovative treatment does not significantly affect healthy B lymphocytes nor a negative control cancer cell line, a CD38- acute myeloid leukemia, being thus highly specific and targeted. Different characterization and analyses confirmed indeed the effective formation of targeted hybrid ZnO NPs, their cellular internalization and the damages produced in Burkitt’s Lymphoma cells only with respect to the other cell lines. The presented work holds promises for future clinical applications, as well as translation to other tumor types. Graphical abstract
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2731-9229 1931-7573 2731-9229 1556-276X
DOI:	10.1186/s11671-024-03976-z