Elastic Fibers in the Intervertebral Disc: From Form to Function and toward Regeneration

Despite extensive efforts over the past 40 years, there is still a significant gap in knowledge of the characteristics of elastic fibers in the intervertebral disc (IVD). More studies are required to clarify the potential contribution of elastic fibers to the IVD (healthy and diseased) function and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 16; p. 8931
Main Authors:	Cyril, Divya, Giugni, Amelia, Bangar, Saie Sunil, Mirzaeipoueinak, Melika, Shrivastav, Dipika, Sharabi, Mirit, Tipper, Joanne L., Tavakoli, Javad
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 11-08-2022 MDPI
Subjects:	Aging Biomechanics Collagen Computer applications elastic fibers elastic fibers development and aging elastic fibers function elastic fibers structure Elastin Extracellular matrix Fibers intervertebral disc Intervertebral discs Mathematical models Mechanical properties Microscopy Review Tissue engineering
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Summary:	Despite extensive efforts over the past 40 years, there is still a significant gap in knowledge of the characteristics of elastic fibers in the intervertebral disc (IVD). More studies are required to clarify the potential contribution of elastic fibers to the IVD (healthy and diseased) function and recommend critical areas for future investigations. On the other hand, current IVD in-vitro models are not true reflections of the complex biological IVD tissue and the role of elastic fibers has often been ignored in developing relevant tissue-engineered scaffolds and realistic computational models. This has affected the progress of IVD studies (tissue engineering solutions, biomechanics, fundamental biology) and translation into clinical practice. Motivated by the current gap, the current review paper presents a comprehensive study (from the early 1980s to 2022) that explores the current understanding of structural (multi-scale hierarchy), biological (development and aging, elastin content, and cell-fiber interaction), and biomechanical properties of the IVD elastic fibers, and provides new insights into future investigations in this domain.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067
DOI:	10.3390/ijms23168931