Extracellular vesicles induce protective immunity against Trichuris muris

Extracellular vesicles induce protective immunity against Trichuris muris

Gastrointestinal nematodes, such as Trichuris trichiura (human whipworm), are a major source of morbidity in humans and their livestock. There is a paucity of commercially available vaccines against these parasites, and vaccine development for T. trichiura has been impeded by a lack of known host pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasite immunology Vol. 40; no. 7; pp. e12536 - n/a
Main Authors: Shears, R. K., Bancroft, A. J., Hughes, G. W., Grencis, R. K., Thornton, D. J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-07-2018
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Helminth - immunology
Antigens
Brief Definitive Report
exosomes
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - immunology
Extracellular Vesicles - ultrastructure
Humans
Intestinal parasites
Livestock
Male
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, SCID
Morbidity
Parasites
Protein transport
Proteins
Trichuriasis - immunology
Trichuriasis - parasitology
Trichuris
Trichuris - immunology
Vaccination
vaccine
Vaccine development
Vaccines
Vaccines - immunology
Vitellogenin
whipworm
whipworm
vaccine
extracellular vesicles
exosomes
Trichuris
vaccination
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Summary:Gastrointestinal nematodes, such as Trichuris trichiura (human whipworm), are a major source of morbidity in humans and their livestock. There is a paucity of commercially available vaccines against these parasites, and vaccine development for T. trichiura has been impeded by a lack of known host protective antigens. Experimental vaccinations with T. muris (murine whipworm) soluble Excretory/Secretory (ES) material have demonstrated that it is possible to induce protective immunity in mice; however, the potential for extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a source of antigenic material has remained relatively unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that EVs isolated from T. muris ES can induce protective immunity in mice when administered as a vaccine without adjuvant and show that the protective properties of these EVs are dependent on intact vesicles. We also identified several proteins within EV preparations that are targeted by the host antibodies following vaccination and subsequent infection with T. muris. Many of these proteins, including VWD and vitellogenin N and DUF1943‐domain‐containing protein, vacuolar protein sorting‐associated protein 52 and TSP‐1 domain‐containing protein, were detected in both soluble ES and EV samples and have homologues in other parasites of medical and veterinary importance, and as such are possible protective antigens.
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ISSN:0141-9838
1365-3024
DOI:10.1111/pim.12536