Construction and use of facial archetypes in anthropology and syndrome diagnosis

This paper describes the benefits of moving from recording simple Euclidian distances and angles between landmarks on the face to full three-dimensional visualisation and mapping using modern optical scanning techniques. Pilot experiments are reported on that strive to create facial archetypes which...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Forensic science international Vol. 159; no. 1; pp. S175 - S185
Main Authors:	Shaweesh, A.I.M., Clement, J.G., Thomas, C.D.L., Bankier, A.
Format:	Journal Article Conference Proceeding
Language:	English
Published:	Kidlington Elsevier Ireland Ltd 15-05-2006 Elsevier The Lancet Publishing Group, a division of Elsevier Science Ltd Elsevier Limited
Subjects:	Adult Anthropology Archetype (Psychology) Biological and medical sciences Child Craniofacial Abnormalities - pathology Diagnosis Ethnic Groups Europe Face - anatomy & histology Facial archetypes Facial asymmetry Female Forensic Anthropology - methods Forensic medicine Forensic sciences General aspects Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Japan Korea Male Medical sciences Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Syndrome Syndrome diagnosis Syndromes Europe Japan Korea Anthropology Syndrome diagnosis Facial archetypes Construction Forensic science Archetype Legal medicine Use Forensic aspect Diagnosis Face Syndrome
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Summary:	This paper describes the benefits of moving from recording simple Euclidian distances and angles between landmarks on the face to full three-dimensional visualisation and mapping using modern optical scanning techniques. Pilot experiments are reported on that strive to create facial archetypes which are accurately descriptive of various cohorts of people. Issues considered include variation amongst people of the same sex, age and population-of-origin. The study has discovered that very few people are needed to construct an “average” face, which is measurably indistinguishable from another average constructed using the faces of other people from within the group studied. This discovery has given the researchers confidence in the reliability of the archetypes which they have produced and this is important if such an analytical technique is to find application in discriminating between peoples on a population basis and in syndrome diagnosis.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0379-0738 1872-6283
DOI:	10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.02.037