Personalized Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA Antedates Breast Cancer Metastatic Recurrence

Up to 30% of patients with breast cancer relapse after primary treatment. There are no sensitive and reliable tests to monitor these patients and detect distant metastases before overt recurrence. Here, we demonstrate the use of personalized circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling for detection of r...

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Published in:	Clinical cancer research Vol. 25; no. 14; pp. 4255 - 4263
Main Authors:	Coombes, Raoul Charles, Page, Karen, Salari, Raheleh, Hastings, Robert K, Armstrong, Anne, Ahmed, Samreen, Ali, Simak, Cleator, Susan, Kenny, Laura, Stebbing, Justin, Rutherford, Mark, Sethi, Himanshu, Boydell, Anna, Swenerton, Ryan, Fernandez-Garcia, Daniel, Gleason, Kelly L T, Goddard, Katie, Guttery, David S, Assaf, Zoe J, Wu, Hsin-Ta, Natarajan, Prashanthi, Moore, David A, Primrose, Lindsay, Dashner, Scott, Tin, Antony S, Balcioglu, Mustafa, Srinivasan, Ramya, Shchegrova, Svetlana V, Olson, Alexander, Hafez, Dina, Billings, Paul, Aleshin, Alexey, Rehman, Farah, Toghill, Bradley J, Hills, Allison, Louie, Maggie C, Lin, Cheng-Ho Jimmy, Zimmermann, Bernhard G, Shaw, Jaqueline A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 15-07-2019
Subjects:	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biomarkers, Tumor - blood Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics Breast Neoplasms - blood Breast Neoplasms - diagnosis Breast Neoplasms - genetics Breast Neoplasms - secondary Circulating Tumor DNA - blood Circulating Tumor DNA - genetics Female High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing - methods Humans Middle Aged Mutation Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - blood Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - diagnosis Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - genetics Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology Precision Medicine Prognosis Prospective Studies
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Summary:	Up to 30% of patients with breast cancer relapse after primary treatment. There are no sensitive and reliable tests to monitor these patients and detect distant metastases before overt recurrence. Here, we demonstrate the use of personalized circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling for detection of recurrence in breast cancer. Forty-nine primary patients with breast cancer were recruited following surgery and adjuvant therapy. Plasma samples ( = 208) were collected every 6 months for up to 4 years. Personalized assays targeting 16 variants selected from primary tumor whole-exome data were tested in serial plasma for the presence of ctDNA by ultradeep sequencing (average >100,000X). Plasma ctDNA was detected ahead of clinical or radiologic relapse in 16 of the 18 relapsed patients (sensitivity of 89%); metastatic relapse was predicted with a lead time of up to 2 years (median, 8.9 months; range, 0.5-24.0 months). None of the 31 nonrelapsing patients were ctDNA-positive at any time point across 156 plasma samples (specificity of 100%). Of the two relapsed patients who were not detected in the study, the first had only a local recurrence, whereas the second patient had bone recurrence and had completed chemotherapy just 13 days prior to blood sampling. This study demonstrates that patient-specific ctDNA analysis can be a sensitive and specific approach for disease surveillance for patients with breast cancer. More importantly, earlier detection of up to 2 years provides a possible window for therapeutic intervention.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1078-0432 1557-3265
DOI:	10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3663