Prediction of the comparative intensity of pneumoconiotic changes caused by chronic inhalation exposure to dusts of different cytotoxicity by means of a mathematical model

Prediction of the comparative intensity of pneumoconiotic changes caused by chronic inhalation exposure to dusts of different cytotoxicity by means of a mathematical model

A multicompartmental mathematical model has been used to simulate variations in the cytotoxicity of dusts in the kinetics of the retention, in the pulmonary region and tracheobronchial lymph nodes, of practically insoluble quartzite and titanium dioxide dust particles deposited on the free surfaces...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England) Vol. 51; no. 3; pp. 173 - 180
Main Authors: Katsnelson, B A, Konyscheva, L K, Sharapova NYe, Privalova, L I
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 01-03-1994
BMJ Publishing Group
BMJ
BMJ Publishing Group LTD
Subjects:
Animals
Cytotoxicity
Dust
Experimental data
Female
Free surfaces
Inhalation
Kinetics
Lung - pathology
Lungs
Lymph nodes
Macrophages
Mathematical constants
Modeling
Models, Biological
Models, Theoretical
Pneumoconiosis
Pneumoconiosis - pathology
Quartzite
Rats
Retention
Titanium dioxide
Titanium oxides
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Summary:A multicompartmental mathematical model has been used to simulate variations in the cytotoxicity of dusts in the kinetics of the retention, in the pulmonary region and tracheobronchial lymph nodes, of practically insoluble quartzite and titanium dioxide dust particles deposited on the free surfaces of the acini from alveolar air. Experiments with these dusts were conducted on rats exposed to virtually the same dust concentrations in the air for an experimental period of 20 weeks and a period of 10 weeks after exposure. Satisfactory approximation to the experimental data on the retention of these dusts is obtained by using the model parameters that depend either on damage to lung macrophages by phagocytosed particles or on the response of the host organism to this damage by enhanced recruitment of neutrophilic leucocytes; all the other variables of the model being unchanged. The values of the "action integral" computed from this model and multiplied by the index of comparative cytotoxicity of particles in vitro satisfactorily approximate to quantitative differences in the intensity of pneumoconioses caused by the dusts under study by the end of the experimental period. On the whole, the results of the mathematical model agree with the hypothesis that the cytotoxicity of particles plays a key part in both the process of retention of dust in the lung parenchyma and lung associated lymph nodes, and the pathological process caused by the retained dust. Thus given the factors and conditions on which the deposition of practically insoluble dusts in the pulmonary region depends, it is necessary to take into account the multiplicative nature of these two effects of cytotoxicity when predicting the comparative risk of pneumoconiosis.
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ISSN:1351-0711
1470-7926
DOI:10.1136/oem.51.3.173