Knowledge and perception on type2 diabetes and hypertension among HIV clients utilizing care and treatment services: a cross sectional study from Mbeya and Dar es Salaam regions in Tanzania

Type2 Diabetes and Hypertension (T2DM/HTN) have become serious threats to the health and socio-economic development in the developing countries. People living with HIV (PLHIV) infection are more vulnerable of developing T2DM/HTN due to HIV infection itself and antiretroviral treatments. The situatio...

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Published in:	BMC public health Vol. 18; no. 1; p. 928
Main Authors:	Kagaruki, Gibson B, Mayige, Mary T, Ngadaya, Esther S, Kilale, Andrew M, Kahwa, Amos, Shao, Amani F, Kimaro, Godfather D, Manga, Chacha M, Mbata, Doris, Materu, Godlisten S, Masumo, Ray M, Mfinanga, Sayoki G
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 28-07-2018 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Adult Anti-Retroviral Agents - therapeutic use ART and ART Naïve clients Behavior Cross-Sectional Studies Developing Countries Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - psychology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - virology Evaluation Female Health attitudes Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice HIV HIV Infections - complications HIV Infections - drug therapy HIV Infections - psychology HIV patients Humans Hypertension - psychology Hypertension - virology Knowledge Male Medical care utilization Middle Aged Perception Risk Factors Risk-Taking Rural Population - statistics & numerical data Social aspects Surveys and Questionnaires Tanzania Type 2 diabetes Type2 diabetes/hypertension Young Adult Tanzania Perception Type2 diabetes/hypertension Knowledge ART and ART Naïve clients Tanzania
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Summary:	Type2 Diabetes and Hypertension (T2DM/HTN) have become serious threats to the health and socio-economic development in the developing countries. People living with HIV (PLHIV) infection are more vulnerable of developing T2DM/HTN due to HIV infection itself and antiretroviral treatments. The situation is worse when behavioral and biological risk factors are pervasive to PLHIV. Despite this vicious circle; information on the level of knowledge and perception regarding prevention of T2DM/HTN, risks factors and associated complications among PLHIV is not well documented in Tanzania. The aim of this paper was assess the level of T2DM/HTN knowledge and perception among PLHIV and utilizing care and treatment clinic (CTC) services. A cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected 12 CTCs between October 2011 and February 2012. Data on demographic characteristics, type 2 diabetes and hypertension knowledge and perception were collected from the study participants. Out of 754 PLHIV and receiving HIV services at the selected CTCs, 671 (89%) consented for the study. Overall 276/671(41.1%) respondents had low knowledge on type2 diabetes and hypertension risk factors and their associated complications. Locality (rural) (AOR = 2.2; 95%CI 1.4-3.4) and never/not recalling if ever measured blood glucose in life (AOR = 2.3; 95%CI 1.1-5.7) were significant determinants of low knowledge among clients on ART. Being currently not having HIV and T2DM/HTN co-morbidities (AOR = 2.2; 95%CI 1.2-4.9) was the only determinant of low knowledge among ART Naïve clients. With regard to perception, 293/671(43.7%) respondents had negative perception on diabetes and hypertension prevention. Sex (female) (AOR = 2.0, 95%CI 1.2-2.9), being aged < 40 years (AOR = 1.6; 95%CI 1.1-2.5) and education (primary/no formal education) (AOR = 4.4; 95%CI 2.0-9.8) were determinants for negative perception among clients on ART while for ART Naïve clients; HIV and T2DM/HTN co-morbidities (AOR = 2.0; 95%CI 1.2-4.6) was the main determinant for negative perception. Considerable number of respondents had low level of knowledge (41.1%) regarding T2DM/HTN specifically on the risk factors, prevention strategies and their associated complications and negative perception (43.7%) towards healthy practices for mitigating risk behaviors of the diseases. There is need for promoting awareness of T2DM/HTN risk factors and complications by considering determinants of low knowledge and negative perception among PLHIV.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1471-2458 1471-2458
DOI:	10.1186/s12889-018-5639-7