Direct drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the proportional method: A multicenter study

•Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the major threats in Iran.•Conventional indirect drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with solid media is inexpensive and reliable, but time-consuming.•Direct DST on solid medium has the potential to significantly reduce...

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Published in:	Journal of global antimicrobial resistance. Vol. 17; pp. 242 - 244
Main Authors:	Amini, Sirus, Hoffner, Sven, Allahyar Torkaman, Mohammad Reza, Hamzehloo, Gholamreza, Nasiri, Mohammad Javad, Salehi, Mahshid, Sami Kashkooli, Golnar, Shahraki, Mohammad Sadegh, Mohsenpoor, Maryam, Soleimanpour, Saman, Mir, Raha
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-06-2019
Subjects:	Antitubercular Agents - pharmacology Bacteriological Techniques - methods Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - drug effects Ethambutol - pharmacology Humans Iran Isoniazid - pharmacology Medicin och hälsovetenskap Microbial Sensitivity Tests - methods Multidrug-resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification Rifampin - pharmacology Sensitivity and Specificity Sputum - microbiology Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - microbiology Iran Mycobacterium tuberculosis Iran Multidrug-resistance
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Summary:	•Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the major threats in Iran.•Conventional indirect drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with solid media is inexpensive and reliable, but time-consuming.•Direct DST on solid medium has the potential to significantly reduce the time to detect drug resistance when used directly on sputum smear-positive specimens.•Direct DST on solid media was shown to give reliable results at a much earlier stage than conventional phenotypic DST.•The direct method was found to be more rapid, more accurate and simpler. In addition, it reduced the handling of pathogenic bacteria and thus reduced the biohazards related to conventional DST. Conventional indirect drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with solid media is inexpensive and reliable, but time-consuming. This study aimed to evaluate direct DST for testing sputum samples without culture to significantly reduce the time required to detect multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Direct and indirect DST of isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF) and ethambutol (EMB) were performed on 334 sputum smear-positive specimens. There was full agreement between the results obtained from direct testing and after isolation of the bacteria by culture. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity were observed to be 100% for all three tested drugs when compared with indirect DST. In comparison with indirect DST, none of the samples with the direct method took >25days to report the DST (between 15–25days with a mean detection time of 20 days). Direct DST on solid media was shown to give reliable results at a much earlier stage than conventional phenotypic DST. The direct method was found to be more rapid, more accurate and simpler. In addition, it reduced the handling of pathogenic bacteria and thus reduced the bio hazards related to conventional DST.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2213-7165 2213-7173 2213-7173
DOI:	10.1016/j.jgar.2018.12.022