Does Short-Term Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Influence Brain Hippocampus Gene Expression of Zinc Transporter-3?

Dietary omega-3 fatty acids have been recognized to improve brain cognitive function. Deficiency leads to dysfunctional zinc metabolism associated with learning and memory impairment. The objective of this study is to explore the effect of short-term dietary omega-3 fatty acids on hippocampus gene e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 16; no. 7; pp. 15800 - 15810
Main Authors:	Sopian, Nur Farhana Ahmad, Ajat, Mokrish, Shafie, Nurul' Izzati, Noor, Mohd Hezmee Mohd, Ebrahimi, Mehdi, Rajion, Mohamed Ali, Meng, Goh Yong, Ahmad, Hafandi
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 13-07-2015 MDPI
Subjects:	alpha-Synuclein - metabolism Animals brain gene expression Calmodulin - metabolism Carrier Proteins - genetics Carrier Proteins - metabolism Cognition & reasoning cognitive function Dietary Supplements Fatty acids Fatty Acids - analysis Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects Hippocampus - drug effects Hippocampus - metabolism Male Maze Learning - drug effects Membrane Proteins - genetics Membrane Proteins - metabolism Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C omega-3 fatty acid Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA, Messenger - metabolism Up-Regulation - drug effects Zinc ZnT3 cognitive function ZnT3 brain gene expression omega-3 fatty acid
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Summary:	Dietary omega-3 fatty acids have been recognized to improve brain cognitive function. Deficiency leads to dysfunctional zinc metabolism associated with learning and memory impairment. The objective of this study is to explore the effect of short-term dietary omega-3 fatty acids on hippocampus gene expression at the molecular level in relation to spatial recognition memory in mice. A total of 24 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups and fed a standard pellet as a control group (CTL, n = 6), standard pellet added with 10% (w/w) fish oil (FO, n = 6), 10% (w/w) soybean oil (SO, n = 6) and 10% (w/w) butter (BT, n = 6). After 3 weeks on the treatment diets, spatial-recognition memory was tested on a Y-maze. The hippocampus gene expression was determined using a real-time PCR. The results showed that 3 weeks of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improved cognitive performance along with the up-regulation of α-synuclein, calmodulin and transthyretin genes expression. In addition, dietary omega-3 fatty acid deficiency increased the level of ZnT3 gene and subsequently reduced cognitive performance in mice. These results indicate that the increased the ZnT3 levels caused by the deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids produced an abnormal zinc metabolism that in turn impaired the brain cognitive performance in mice.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:	1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067
DOI:	10.3390/ijms160715800