Adults Born Small for Gestational Age at Term Have Thinner Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layers Than Controls

Adults Born Small for Gestational Age at Term Have Thinner Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layers Than Controls

Purpose: Prenatal growth restriction is associated with impaired neurodevelopment in childhood. This study investigated the effects of being born small for gestational age (SGA) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in adults born at term. Methods: A retrospective cohort study...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Eye and brain Vol. 14; pp. 127 - 135
Main Authors: Fie[beta], Achim, Brandt, Marilena, Mildenberger, Eva, Urschitz, Michael Siegfried, Wagner, Felix Mathias, Grabitz, Stephanie Desiree, Hoffmann, Esther Maria, Pfeiffer, Norbert, Schuster, Alexander Konrad
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Macclesfield Dove Medical Press Limited 01-01-2022
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Dove
Dove Medical Press
Subjects:
Adults
Birth weight
Breastfeeding & lactation
Epidemiology
Fetus
Gestational age
Growth
large for gestational age
optic nerve head
Optics
Original Research
peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnant women
Premature birth
small for gestational age
Smoking
Software
Statistical analysis
Tomography
Visual acuity
Germany
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Summary:Purpose: Prenatal growth restriction is associated with impaired neurodevelopment in childhood. This study investigated the effects of being born small for gestational age (SGA) on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in adults born at term. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with a prospective ophthalmologic examination of participants born at fullterm (gestational age [greater than or equal to]37 weeks) between 1969 and 2002. All participants were examined with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and grouped according to their birth weight in correlation to gestational age as former moderate (birth weight (BW) percentile 3rd to <10th) and severe SGA (<3rd percentile), normal (10th-90th percentile, AGA), and moderately (>90th to 97th percentile) and severely (>97th percentile) large for gestational age (LGA) adults (18 to 52 years). Results: Overall, 547 eyes of 285 individuals (age 29.9[+ or -]9.4 years, 151 females) born at term were included. Multivariable regression analyses revealed a strong association between a lower global pRNFL thickness in the severe SGA (B=-8.99 [95%-CI: -12.68; -5.30] urn; p<0.001) and in the moderate SGA groups (B=-6.40 [95%-CI: -10.29; -2.50] urn; p=0.001) compared to the reference AGA group. Conclusion: Our results indicate that restricted fetal growth affects neurologic tissue development of the optic nerve head, particularly in individuals born severely SGA at term. This indicates that fetal growth restriction may exert disturbances in the development of neurologic tissue, which persists in adulthood. Keywords: birth weight, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, optic nerve head, epidemiology
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ISSN:1179-2744
1179-2744
DOI:10.2147/EB.S383231