Oral Intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 by Middle-Aged Rats for One Week Improves Age-Related Endothelial Dysfunction in Both the Femoral Artery and Vein: Role of Cyclooxygenases

In humans, aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction and an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Although intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at a ratio of 6:1 by old rats improved the endothelial dysfunction in arteries, the impact on veins remains uncle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 3; p. 920
Main Authors:	Gaertner, Sébastien, Auger, Cyril, Farooq, Muhammad A, Pollet, Brigitte, Khemais-Benkhiat, Sonia, Niazi, Zahid R, Schrevens, Sophie, Park, Sin-Hee, Toti, Florence, Stephan, Dominique, Schini-Kerth, Valérie B
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 30-01-2020 MDPI
Subjects:	Acetylcholine Aging Cardiology and cardiovascular system Contractility Corn Corn oil Coronary vessels COX-2 inhibitors Cyclooxygenase-1 Cyclooxygenase-2 cyclooxygenases Docosahexaenoic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid endothelial dysfunction Endothelium Fatty acids Femoral artery Femur Human health and pathology Indomethacin Life Sciences Low concentrations Middle age Nitric oxide omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Oral administration Pharmaceutical sciences Pharmacology Pulmonary embolisms Rodents Thromboembolism Thrombosis Veins Veins & arteries venous thrombosis aging endothelial dysfunction cyclooxygenases omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids venous thrombosis
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Summary:	In humans, aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction and an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Although intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at a ratio of 6:1 by old rats improved the endothelial dysfunction in arteries, the impact on veins remains unclear. Eight-month-old male Wistar rats were either untreated or orally administered corn oil, EPA:DHA 1:1, or EPA:DHA 6:1 (500 mg/kg/d) for seven days. Vascular reactivity was studied by myography. In middle-aged femoral artery rings, acetylcholine caused a partial relaxation at low concentrations and a contractile response at high concentrations, whereas in the old femoral vein only a partial relaxation was observed. The EPA:DHA 6:1 treatment blunted the contractile response to acetylcholine in the middle-aged femoral artery and both EPA:DHA 6:1 and 1:1 increased the relaxation to acetylcholine in the old femoral vein. No such effects were observed with corn oil. Both the non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin and the COX-1 inhibitor SC-560 increased the relaxation to acetylcholine in the middle-aged femoral artery whereas the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398 increased that in the middle-aged femoral vein. In conclusion, our results indicate that aging is associated with an endothelial dysfunction in the femoral artery and vein, which can be improved by EPA:DHA 6:1 treatment-most likely via a cyclooxygenase-dependent mechanism.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Current address: Médecine Vasculaire du Contades, 20, avenue de la Paix, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
ISSN:	1422-0067 1661-6596 1422-0067
DOI:	10.3390/ijms21030920