Search Results - "Scholes, R. J."

biodiversity intactness index by Scholes, R.J, Biggs, R

“…The nations of the world have set themselves a target of reducing the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. Here, we propose a biodiversity intactness index (BII)…”
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A full greenhouse gases budget of Africa: synthesis, uncertainties, and vulnerabilities by Valentini, R, Arneth, A, Bombelli, A, Castaldi, S, Cazzolla Gatti, R, Chevallier, F, Ciais, P, Grieco, E, Hartmann, J, Henry, M, Houghton, R. A, Jung, M, Kutsch, W. L, Malhi, Y, Mayorga, E, Merbold, L, Murray-Tortarolo, G, Papale, D, Peylin, P, Poulter, B, Raymond, P. A, Santini, M, Sitch, S, Vaglio Laurin, G, van der Werf, G. R, Williams, C. A, Scholes, R. J

“…This paper, developed under the framework of the RECCAP initiative, aims at providing improved estimates of the carbon and GHG (CO2, CH4 and N2O) balance of…”
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Climate and the inter-annual variability of fire in southern Africa: a meta-analysis using long-term field data and satellite-derived burnt area data by Archibald, S., Nickless, A., Govender, N., Scholes, R. J., Lehsten, V.

“…This study investigates inter-annual variability in burnt area in southern Africa and the extent to which climate is responsible for this variation. We compare…”
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Biogeochemical cycles and biodiversity as key drivers of ecosystem services provided by soils by Smith, P, Cotrufo, M F, Rumpel, C, Paustian, K, Kuikman, P J, Elliott, J A, McDowell, R, Griffiths, R I, Asakawa, S, Bustamante, M, House, J I, Sobocká, J, Harper, R, Pan, G, West, P C, Gerber, J S, Clark, J M, Adhya, T, Scholes, R J, Scholes, M C

“…Soils play a pivotal role in major global biogeochemical cycles (carbon, nutrient, and water), while hosting the largest diversity of organisms on land…”
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The Global Carbon Cycle: A Test of Our Knowledge of Earth as a System by Falkowski, P., Scholes, R. J., Boyle, E., Canadell, J., Canfield, D., Elser, J., Gruber, N., Hibbard, K., Högberg, P., Linder, S., Mackenzie, F. T., Moore, B., Pedersen, T., Rosenthal, Y., Seitzinger, S., Smetacek, V., Steffen, W.

“…Motivated by the rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 due to human activities since the Industrial Revolution, several international scientific research programs…”
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What Next for Agriculture After Durban? by Beddington, J. R., Asaduzzaman, M., Clark, M. E., Bremauntz, A. Fernández, Guillou, M. D., Howlett, D. J. B., Jahn, M. M., Lin, E., Mamo, T., Negra, C., Nobre, C. A., Scholes, R. J., Van Bo, N., Wakhungu, J.

“…Despite obstacles in the UN climate talks, modest progress and opportunities for scientific input on agriculture arose. Global agriculture must produce more…”
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Exploring the potential of MODIS EVI for modeling gross primary production across African ecosystems by Sjöström, M., Ardö, J., Arneth, A., Boulain, N., Cappelaere, B., Eklundh, L., de Grandcourt, A., Kutsch, W.L., Merbold, L., Nouvellon, Y., Scholes, R.J., Schubert, P., Seaquist, J., Veenendaal, E.M.

“…One of the most frequently applied methods for integrating controls on primary production through satellite data is the light use efficiency (LUE) approach,…”
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Scientific concepts for an integrated analysis of desertification by Reynolds, J. F., Grainger, A., Stafford Smith, D. M., Bastin, G., Garcia-Barrios, L., Fernández, R. J., Janssen, M. A., Jürgens, N., Scholes, R. J., Veldkamp, A., Verstraete, M. M., Von Maltitz, G., Zdruli, P.

“…The Global Drylands Observing System proposed in this issue should reduce the huge uncertainty about the extent of desertification and the rate at which it is…”
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Drivers of inter-annual variability in Net Ecosystem Exchange in a semi-arid savanna ecosystem, South Africa by Archibald, S. A., Kirton, A., van der Merwe, M. R., Scholes, R. J., Williams, C. A., Hanan, N.

“…Inter-annual variability in primary production and ecosystem respiration was explored using eddy-covariance data at a semi-arid savanna site in the Kruger…”
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Diversity without representation by Loreau, Michel, Oteng-Yeboah, Alfred, Arroyo, M. T. K, Babin, D, Barbault, R, Donoghue, M, Gadgil, M, Häuser, C, Heip, C, Larigauderie, A, Ma, K, Mace, G, Mooney, H. A, Perrings, C, Raven, P, Sarukhan, J, Schei, P, Scholes, R. J, Watson, R. T

“…For policymakers, biodiversity can present more complex challenges than climate change. Now researchers are asking why there isn't an international panel of…”
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Greenhouse gas network design using backward Lagrangian particle dispersion modelling – Part 2: Sensitivity analyses and South African test case by Nickless, A, Ziehn, T, Rayner, P.J, Scholes, R.J, Engelbrecht, F

“…This is the second part of a two-part paper considering a measurement network design based on a stochastic Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM)…”
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Measuring conditions and trends in ecosystem services at multiple scales: the Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (SAfMA) experience by van Jaarsveld, A.S, Biggs, R, Scholes, R.J, Bohensky, E, Reyers, B, Lynam, T, Musvoto, C, Fabricius, C

“…The Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (SA…”
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Systematic long-term observations of the global carbon cycle by Scholes, R.J., Monteiro, P.M.S., Sabine, C.L., Canadell, J.G.

“…Imagine a meeting convened to avert a global financial crisis where none of the finance ministers had access to reliable information on changes in the stock…”
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Overcoming the coupled climate and biodiversity crises and their societal impacts by Pörtner, H-O, Scholes, R J, Arneth, A, Barnes, D K A, Burrows, M T, Diamond, S E, Duarte, C M, Kiessling, W, Leadley, P, Managi, S, McElwee, P, Midgley, G, Ngo, H T, Obura, D, Pascual, U, Sankaran, M, Shin, Y J, Val, A L

“…Earth's biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social and economic…”
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Limits to detectability of land degradation by trend analysis of vegetation index data by Wessels, K.J., van den Bergh, F., Scholes, R.J.

“…This paper demonstrates a simulation approach for testing the sensitivity of linear and non-parametric trend analysis methods applied to remotely sensed…”
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A minimal model of soil water–vegetation interactions forced by stochastic rainfall in water-limited ecosystems by De Michele, C., Vezzoli, R., Pavlopoulos, H., Scholes, R.J.

“…A minimal model of soil water–vegetation interaction in dryland ecosystems is developed as a vehicle to show how stochastic differential equations can be…”
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Essential Biodiversity Variables by Pereira, H. M., Ferrier, S., Walters, M., Geller, G. N., Jongman, R. H. G., Scholes, R. J., Bruford, M. W., Brummitt, N., Butchart, S. H. M., Cardoso, A. C., Coops, N. C., Dulloo, E., Faith, D. P., Freyhof, J., Gregory, R. D., Heip, C., Höft, R., Hurtt, G., Jetz, W., Karp, D. S., McGeoch, M. A., Obura, D., Onoda, Y., Pettorelli, N., Reyers, B., Sayre, R., Scharlemann, J. P. W., Stuart, S. N., Turak, E., Walpole, M., Wegmann, M.

“…A global system of harmonized observations is needed to inform scientists and policy-makers. Reducing the rate of biodiversity loss and averting dangerous…”
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Convex Relationships in Ecosystems Containing Mixtures of Trees and Grass by Scholes, R.J

“…The relationship between grass production andthe quantity of trees in mixed tree-grassecosystems (savannas) is convex for all or mostof its range. In other…”
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Leaf green-up in a semi-arid African savanna –separating tree and grass responses to environmental cues by Archibald, S, Scholes, R. J

“…Question: Can satellite time series be used to identify tree and grass green-up dates in a semi-arid savanna system, and are there predictable environmental…”
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Agriculture. What next for agriculture after Durban? by Beddington, J R, Asaduzzaman, M, Clark, M E, Fernández Bremauntz, A, Guillou, M D, Howlett, D J B, Jahn, M M, Lin, E, Mamo, T, Negra, C, Nobre, C A, Scholes, R J, Van Bo, N, Wakhungu, J

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