Genome editing and cancer: How far has research moved forward on CRISPR/Cas9?

Cancer accounted for almost ten million deaths worldwide in 2020. Metastasis, characterized by cancer cell invasion to other parts of the body, is the main cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of tumor formation and discovery of potential drug ta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol. 150; p. 113011
Main Authors:	Mitra, Saikat, Sarker, Joyatry, Mojumder, Anik, Shibbir, Tasmim Bintae, Das, Rajib, Emran, Talha Bin, Tallei, Trina Ekawati, Nainu, Firzan, Alshahrani, Asma M., Chidambaram, Kumarappan, Simal-Gandara, Jesus
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	France Elsevier Masson SAS 01-06-2022 Elsevier
Subjects:	Cancer CRISPR/Cas9 Genome editing Molecular mechanisms TALEN FOXA1 CYR6 TRIM CTNND2 HCT116 MHC CDK CTGF IGF1R PPIP5K1 CDH1 GSK3 Molecular mechanisms Genome editing CSCs PDGFRA c-Myc METTL3 dCas9 DKK3 CCAT2 ACLY TGF SLFN11 sgRNA PKP2 TP53 BT-474 DLBCL BAG5 BV NRF2 SMAD4 GOT1 CRISPR/Cas9 CBX3 RDV FN1 SNHG7 NESTIN CXCL12 His BCL6 MCL LCN2 NF1 HAT ATP PAM MDA-MB-231 Cancer RNA A549 G2 phase PTEN RSF1 BRCA1 gRNA GPRC6A NF-κB DSB mTOR CD38 CCR5 Cys Indel PC3 GCN5 ZFN PRMT1 CAR-T cells BPH1 PLAUR MAPK SKBR-3 EMT MMP TRAF3 CEP63 CXCR TCL TLR4 PCR AVV HDAC2 HDAC3 HL7702 CRISPR/ Cas9 HDAC1 FokI NOXO1 PARP PTGS2 EGFR TALEN HDR HepG2 MFN2 uPAR Cr RNA SNCA SCLC SK-MEL-28 ATAT1 FAK S phase DNA KRAS NHEJ HER2 LGR5
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Summary:	Cancer accounted for almost ten million deaths worldwide in 2020. Metastasis, characterized by cancer cell invasion to other parts of the body, is the main cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of tumor formation and discovery of potential drug targets are of great importance. Gene editing techniques can be used to find novel drug targets and study molecular mechanisms. In this review, we describe how popular gene-editing methods such as CRISPR/Cas9, TALEN and ZFNs work, and, by comparing them, we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 has superior efficiency and precision. We further provide an overview of the recent applications of CRISPR/Cas9 to cancer research, focusing on the most common cancers such as breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer. We describe how these applications will shape future research and treatment of cancer, and propose new ways to overcome current challenges. [Display omitted] •This review described how popular gene-editing methods work.•Findings demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9 has superior efficiency and precision.•The recent applications of CRISPR/Cas9 to cancer research are also highlighted.•Described how these applications will shape future research and cancer treatment.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	0753-3322 1950-6007
DOI:	10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113011