Expression analysis and clinical correlation of aquaporin 1 and 4 genes in human hippocampal sclerosis

Abstract Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is the most frequent cause of drug resistant symptomatic partial epilepsy. The mechanism and genetic background of this unique pathology are not well understood. Aquaporins (AQP) are regulators of water homeostasis in the brain and are expressed in the human...

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Published in:	Journal of clinical neuroscience Vol. 20; no. 11; pp. 1564 - 1570
Main Authors:	Bebek, N, Özdemir, Ö, Sayitoglu, M, Hatırnaz, Ö, Baykan, B, Gürses, C, Sencer, A, Karasu, A, Tüzün, E, Üzün, I, Akat, S, Cine, N, Sargin Kurt, G, Imer, M, Ozbek, U, Canbolat, A, Gökyigit, A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Scotland Elsevier Ltd 01-11-2013
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Age of Onset Aquaporin 1 - analysis Aquaporin 1 - biosynthesis Aquaporin 1 - genetics Aquaporin 4 - analysis Aquaporin 4 - biosynthesis Aquaporin 4 - genetics Aquaporins Child Child, Preschool Epilepsy Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - genetics Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - metabolism Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - pathology Epileptogenesis Female Gene expression Hippocampus - metabolism Hippocampus - pathology Human hippocampus Humans Immunohistochemistry Male Mesial temporal sclerosis Middle Aged Neurology Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Sclerosis - metabolism Sclerosis - pathology Transcriptome Young Adult Epileptogenesis Mesial temporal sclerosis Human hippocampus Gene expression Aquaporins Epilepsy
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Summary:	Abstract Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is the most frequent cause of drug resistant symptomatic partial epilepsy. The mechanism and genetic background of this unique pathology are not well understood. Aquaporins (AQP) are regulators of water homeostasis in the brain and are expressed in the human hippocampus. We explored the role of AQP genes in the pathogenetic mechanisms of MTS through an evaluation of gene expression in surgically removed human brain tissue. We analyzed AQP1 and 4 mRNA levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and normalized to ABL and cyclophilin genes, followed by immunohistochemistry for AQP4. Relative expressions were calculated according to the delta Ct method and the results were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Brain specimens of 23 patients with epilepsy who had undergone surgery for MTS and seven control autopsy specimens were investigated. Clinical findings were concordant with previous studies and 61% of the patients were seizure-free in the postoperative period. AQP1 and 4 gene expression levels did not differ between MTS patients and control groups. Immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 supported the expression results, showing no difference. Previous studies have reported contradictory results about the expression levels of AQP in MTS. To our knowledge, only one study has suggested upregulation whereas the other indicated downregulation of perivascular AQP4 . Our study did not support these findings and may rule out the involvement of AQP in human MTS.
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ISSN:	0967-5868 1532-2653
DOI:	10.1016/j.jocn.2012.12.023