Fractalkine, a CX3C chemokine, is expressed by dendritic cells and is up‐regulated upon dendritic cell maturation

The lone CX3C chemokine, fractalkine (FK), is expressed in a membrane‐bound form on activated endothelial cells and mediates attachment and firm adhesion of T cells, monocytes and NK cells. We now show that FK is associated with dendritic cells (DC) in epidermis and lymphoid organs. In normal human...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	European journal of immunology Vol. 29; no. 8; pp. 2551 - 2559
Main Authors:	Papadopoulos, Elektra J., Sassetti, Chris, Saeki, Hidehisa, Yamada, Nobuo, Kawamura, Tatsuyoshi, Fitzhugh, David J., Saraf, Manisha A., Schall, Thomas, Blauvelt, Andrew, Rosen, Steven D., Hwang, Sam T.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Weinheim WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH 01-08-1999
Subjects:	Animals Base Sequence CD40 Ligand Cell Adhesion - immunology Cell Communication - immunology Cell Differentiation - immunology Cell Line Chemokine chemokine CX3C Chemokine CX3CL1 Chemokines, CX3C Chemokines, CXC - genetics Chemokines, CXC - metabolism Dendritic cell Dendritic Cells - cytology Dendritic Cells - immunology DNA Primers - genetics fractalkine Humans Langerhans Cells - immunology Melanocytes - immunology Membrane Glycoproteins - pharmacology Membrane Proteins - genetics Membrane Proteins - metabolism Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Palatine Tonsil - cytology Palatine Tonsil - immunology RNA, Messenger - genetics RNA, Messenger - metabolism Skin Skin - cytology Skin - immunology T-Lymphocytes - cytology T-Lymphocytes - immunology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - pharmacology Up-Regulation
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Summary:	The lone CX3C chemokine, fractalkine (FK), is expressed in a membrane‐bound form on activated endothelial cells and mediates attachment and firm adhesion of T cells, monocytes and NK cells. We now show that FK is associated with dendritic cells (DC) in epidermis and lymphoid organs. In normal human skin, dual‐color fluorescence microscopy co‐localized FK expression with Langerhans cells expressing CD1a. In tonsil, FK‐positive DC expressed CD83, a marker for mature DC. Human and murine cultured DC up‐regulated FK mRNA expression with maturation. Furthermore, CD40 ligation, but not TNF‐α or lipopolysaccharide treatment, of activated, migratory DC that had migrated from skin explants resulted in a 2.5‐fold increase of surface expression of FK without significant alterations of expression of CD80, CD86, CD54 or MHC class II. Since FK mediates adhesion of T cells to activated endothelial cells, the increased expression of FK during DC maturation (and particularly by CD40 ligation) may play a role in the ability of T cells and mature DC to form conjugates and engage in cell‐cell communication.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	0014-2980 1521-4141
DOI:	10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199908)29:08<2551::AID-IMMU2551>3.0.CO;2-T