Relation of Hepatic Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Exercise Tolerance

The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between liver histology, exercise tolerance, and diastolic function in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Myocardial remodeling and diastolic dysfunction have been associated with NAFLD. However, its physiological impact an...

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Published in:	The American journal of cardiology Vol. 123; no. 3; pp. 466 - 473
Main Authors:	Canada, Justin McNair, Abbate, Antonio, Collen, Rebecca, Billingsley, Hayley, Buckley, Leo Francis, Carbone, Salvatore, Trankle, Cory Ross, Idowu, Michael Ola, Kadariya, Dinesh, Van Tassell, Benjamin, Sanyal, Arun Jayant, Siddiqui, Mohammad Shadab
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01-02-2019 Elsevier Limited
Subjects:	Activities of daily living Aerobic capacity Anaerobic threshold Autonomic nervous system Biopsy Blood Flow Velocity - physiology Blood pressure Body composition Body mass index Diabetes Diastole - physiology Echocardiography Echocardiography, Doppler Echocardiography, Stress Efficiency Exercise Exercise Tolerance - physiology Fatty liver Female Fibrosis Heart diseases Heart rate Heart Rate - physiology Hemoglobin Histology Humans Hypertension Inflammation Liver Liver Cirrhosis - classification Liver Cirrhosis - physiopathology Liver diseases Male Metabolism Middle Aged Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - classification Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - physiopathology Oxygen consumption Oxygen Consumption - physiology Patients Physical fitness Physical training Recovery Severity of Illness Index Vanadium oxides Ventricle Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnostic imaging Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology
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Summary:	The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between liver histology, exercise tolerance, and diastolic function in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Myocardial remodeling and diastolic dysfunction have been associated with NAFLD. However, its physiological impact and relationship to the histological severity of NAFLD is not known. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and stress echocardiography was performed in subjects with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD. Maximal aerobic exercise capacity (peak oxygen consumption [VO2]) was related to diastolic function (mitral annulus Doppler velocity e’ and ratio of early diastolic filling pressure [E] to e’ [E/e’]) at rest and peak exercise. Autonomic dysfunction was determined from heart rate recovery after exercise. Independent predictors of cardiac function and exercise capacity were identified by multivariable regression. Thirty-six subjects (nonalcoholic fatty liver [NAFL  =  15], nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH  =  21]) were enrolled. NASH was associated with impaired exercise capacity compared with NAFL (median peak VO2 17.0 [15.4, 18.9] vs 19.9 [17.4, 26.0], p  =  001); pVO2 declined with increasing fibrosis (F0  =  22.5, F1  =  19.9, F2  =  19.0, F3  =  16.6 ml·kg−1·min−1; p  =  0.01). Similarly, E/e’ during exercise increased progressively with increasing fibrosis (F0  =  5.6, F1  =  6.5, F2  =  8.7, F3  =  9.8; P  =  0.02). Finally, heart rate recovery, a marker of autonomic function, was blunted in those with higher fibrosis stages (F0  =  25 [20, 30], F1  =  23 [17.5, 27.0], F2  =  17 [11.8, 21.5], F3  =  11 [8.5, 18.0] beats per minute; p <0.01). Fibrosis was an independent predictor of these functional outcomes. In conclusion, NASH is associated with impaired exercise capacity and diastolic dysfunction compared with NAFL. The severity of impairment is directly related to the severity of fibrosis stage in precirrhotic stages of NAFLD.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0002-9149 1879-1913 1879-1913
DOI:	10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.10.027