Persistent olfactory dysfunction associated with poor sleep quality and anxiety in patients with long COVID

Persistent olfactory dysfunction associated with poor sleep quality and anxiety in patients with long COVID

Poor sleep quality have been widely reported in patients with long COVID. Determining the characteristics, type, severity, and relationship of long COVID with other neurological symptoms is essential for the prognosis and management of poor sleep quality. This cross-sectional study was conducted at...

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Published in:Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 17; p. 1161904
Main Authors: Paranhos, Alna Carolina Mendes, Dias, Apio Ricardo Nazareth, Bastos, Thalita da Rocha, Rodrigues, Arthur Nascimento, Santana, Karem Harumy Yamamoto, Dias, Lorena Henriete Araujo, Dos Santos, Lidiane Palheta Miranda, Cerasi, Jr, Antônio José, Mendes, Michely Caroline Nascimento, de Oliveira, Cleiziane Lima, Domingues, Mariângela Moreno, Koury, Gisele Vieira Hennemann, Vasconcelos, Pedro Fernando da Costa, Souza, Givago Silva, Quaresma, Juarez Antônio Simões, Falcão, Luiz Fábio Magno
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 12-05-2023
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects:
Anxiety
Chemoreception
Cognitive ability
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Dyspnea
Epidemiology
Fatigue
long COVID
Multivariate analysis
Neurological complications
neurological manifestations
Neuroscience
Observational studies
Olfaction
Olfaction disorders
Patients
Regression analysis
Sleep
sleep disorders
Sociodemographics
Statistical analysis
Taste disorders
Women
Brazil
Canada
Montreal Quebec Canada
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
United States > US
olfaction disorders
anxiety
sleep disorders
long COVID
neurological manifestations
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Summary:Poor sleep quality have been widely reported in patients with long COVID. Determining the characteristics, type, severity, and relationship of long COVID with other neurological symptoms is essential for the prognosis and management of poor sleep quality. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a public university in the eastern Amazon region of Brazil between November 2020 and October 2022. The study involved 288 patients with long COVID with self-report neurological symptoms. One hundred thirty-one patients were evaluated by using standardised protocols: Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Beck Anxiety Inventory, Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCRC), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with long COVID with poor sleep quality and their relationship with other neurological symptoms (anxiety, cognitive impairment, and olfactory disorder). Patients with poor sleep quality were mainly women (76.3%), 44.04 ± 12.73 years old, with >12 years of education (93.1%), and had monthly incomes of up to US $240.00 (54.2%). Anxiety and olfactory disorder were more common in patients with poor sleep quality. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher in patients with anxiety, and olfactory disorder is associated with poor sleep quality. In this cohort of patients with long COVID, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was highest in the group tested by PSQI and were associated with other neurological symptoms, such as anxiety and olfactory dysfunction. A previous study indicates a significant association between poor sleep quality and psychological disorders over time. Recent studies involving neuroimaging found functional and structural changes in Long COVID patients with persistent olfactory disfunction. Poor sleep quality are integral part of complex changes related to Long COVID and should be part of patient's clinical management.
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Reviewed by: Andrew Kobets, Montefiore Medical Center, United States; Jordi A. Matias-Guiu, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Spain
These authors have contributed equally to this work and share senior authorship
Edited by: Dalinda Isabel Sánchez-Vidaña, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
ISSN:1662-4548
1662-453X
1662-453X
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2023.1161904