Identifying Neurobiological Markers in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study in Subgroups of Differing Phenotype

Identifying Neurobiological Markers in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study in Subgroups of Differing Phenotype

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) represents a frequent and highly disabling mental disorder. Past attempts to characterize different disease subgroups focused on the time of onset (late vs. early onset), presence of insight (poor insight), and post-infectious forms (pediatric acute-onset neuropsy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences Vol. 13; no. 12; p. 7306
Main Authors: Paribello, Pasquale, Carpiniello, Bernardo, Murgia, Roberto, Porcheddu, Antonio Andrea, El-Kacemi, Sabrina, Pinna, Marco, Contu, Martina, Costa, Giulia, Barbarossa, Rossella, Sanna, Egea, Carucci, Sara, Zuddas, Alessandro, Fadda, Paola, Dedoni, Simona, Siddi, Carlotta, Congiu, Patrizia, Figorilli, Michela, Fanzecco, Michela, Puligheddu, Monica, Gagliano, Antonella, Pinna, Federica, Scherma, Maria, Manchia, Mirko
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-06-2023
Subjects:
Adults
Age
Biomarkers
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Comorbidity
Comparative analysis
Cross-sectional studies
Drug resistance
Drug therapy
EEG
Electroencephalography
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Genetic aspects
Health services
Heterogeneity
Hypotheses
Inflammation
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Mental disorders
Mental illness
Neurobiology
Neuropsychology
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Pediatrics
Phenotypes
polysomnography
Sleep
Sleep disorders
Subgroups
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Description
Summary:Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) represents a frequent and highly disabling mental disorder. Past attempts to characterize different disease subgroups focused on the time of onset (late vs. early onset), presence of insight (poor insight), and post-infectious forms (pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome, PANS). Each subgroup may be associated with a differing impact on cognition, functioning, sleep quality, and treatment response profile. Certain lines of evidence suggest brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels may differ between individuals living with OCD as compared with controls, but there is a lack of evidence on the variation of BDNF levels in OCD subgroups. Lastly, the potential of assessing inflammatory states, electroencephalogram, and polysomnography to characterize these subtypes has been hardly explored. Estimates of drug-resistance rates indicate that 20% and up to 65% of affected adults and up to 35% of the pediatric population may not benefit from pharmacological treatments. At least part of the variability in treatment response could depend on the underlying biological heterogeneity. In the present project, we aim to increase the accuracy in characterizing the phenotypical and biological signature for the different OCD subtypes through clinical, cognitive, and sleep markers, along with other possible markers that may be biologically plausible.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app13127306