Osteopontin: its potential role in cancer of children and young adults

Osteopontin (OPN) is aglyco-phosphoprotein, involved in tissue remodeling, inflammation and boneresorption. In various adult neoplasms OPN was shown to correlate with cancer progression, invasiveness and metastasis. to define the role of OPN in malignancies of children and young adults. Material and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biomarkers in medicine Vol. 11; no. 4; pp. 389 - 402
Main Authors:	Karpinsky, Gabrielle, Fatyga, Aleksandra, Krawczyk, Malgorzata Anna, Chamera, Madeleine, Sande, Natalia, Szmyd, Dagmara, Izycka-Swieszewska, Ewa, Bien, Ewa
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Future Medicine Ltd 01-04-2017
Subjects:	Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Angiogenesis Apoptosis Autoimmune diseases Binding sites Biomarkers Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism Bone cancer Bone tumors Brain cancer Brain Neoplasms - diagnosis Brain Neoplasms - mortality Brain Neoplasms - pathology brain tumors Breast cancer Calcification Cell adhesion & migration Central Nervous System Neoplasms - diagnosis Central Nervous System Neoplasms - mortality Central Nervous System Neoplasms - pathology Cerebrospinal fluid Chemotherapy Child childhood cancers Children Ewings sarcoma Fibroblasts gene Histiocytosis Humans Hypoxia Invasiveness Langerhans cell histiocytosis Leukemia Leukemia - diagnosis Leukemia - mortality Leukemia - pathology Literature reviews Lymphatic leukemia lymphoma Medical prognosis Medulloblastoma Metastases Metastasis mRNA Neoplasia Neoplasms - diagnosis Neoplasms - mortality Neoplasms - pathology Osteopontin Osteopontin - genetics Osteopontin - metabolism Osteosarcoma Pediatrics Phosphorylation prognostic marker Proteins Roles Sarcoma Serum levels sialoprotein-1 Survival Rate Tumors Young Adult Young adults childhood cancers leukemia prognostic marker brain tumors Langerhans cell histiocytosis SPP1 gene osteopontin sialoprotein-1 lymphoma osteosarcoma
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Summary:	Osteopontin (OPN) is aglyco-phosphoprotein, involved in tissue remodeling, inflammation and boneresorption. In various adult neoplasms OPN was shown to correlate with cancer progression, invasiveness and metastasis. to define the role of OPN in malignancies of children and young adults. Material and methods: a structured PubMed and Google Scholar literature analysis based on reports published in English between I'1995 and XII'2015. 14 studies (four on hematological malignancies, four on bone tumors, three on CNS tumors, two on dendritic proliferative diseases and one on renal tumors) were identified. Higher levels of serum and cerebro-spinal fluid OPN protein, and high expressions of OPN mRNA and gene were present in more aggressive and advanced childhood malignancies. In children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with CNS involvement and with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) and medulloblastoma, the serum and CSF OPN levels reflected tumor bulk and response to therapy, while in children with AT/RT and multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis with high-risk organs involvement, high OPN serum levels correlated with poorer survival. To the contrary, in osteosarcoma, high OPN mRNA and gene expressions correlated with better survival and good response to chemotherapy. The literature review suggests that OPN may play important roles in the development and progression of selected cancers of children and young adults, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, malignant gliomas, AT/RT and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. However, limited number of published studies prevents from definite concluding on the clinical utility of OPN as a marker of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring in these pediatric cancers. Further studies performed in more numerous groups of patients with particular types of cancers of children and young adults are warranted.
ISSN:	1752-0363 1752-0371
DOI:	10.2217/bmm-2016-0308