Novel bovine‐associated pVAPN plasmid type in Rhodococcus equi identified from lymph nodes of slaughtered cattle and lungs of people living with HIV/AIDS

Novel bovine‐associated pVAPN plasmid type in Rhodococcus equi identified from lymph nodes of slaughtered cattle and lungs of people living with HIV/AIDS

Summary Rhodococcus equi is a well‐recognized Gram‐positive intracellular facultative bacterium that is opportunistic in nature, which causes pyogranulomatous infections in humans and multiple host animals. The pathogenicity of the microorganism has been attributed to the presence of plasmid‐encoded...

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Published in:Transboundary and emerging diseases Vol. 65; no. 2; pp. 321 - 326
Main Authors: Ribeiro, M. G., Lara, G. H. B., da Silva, P., Franco, M. M. J., de Mattos‐Guaraldi, A. L., de Vargas, A. P. C., Sakate, R. I., Pavan, F. R., Colhado, B. S., Portilho, F. V. R., Motta, R. G., Kakuda, T., Takai, S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Germany Hindawi Limited 01-04-2018
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Animals
Beef cattle
Bovidae
bovine rhodococcosis
Cattle
Coding
Data acquisition
emerging disease
HIV
host‐associated plasmid types
Human immunodeficiency virus
immunocompromised human patients
Infections
Lungs
Lymph nodes
Lymphadenitis
Lymphatic system
Meat
Pathogenicity
Pathogens
Proteins
Public health
pVAPN
Rhodococcus
Rhodococcus equi
Virulence
immunocompromised human patients
emerging disease
bovine rhodococcosis
host-associated plasmid types
pVAPN
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Summary:Summary Rhodococcus equi is a well‐recognized Gram‐positive intracellular facultative bacterium that is opportunistic in nature, which causes pyogranulomatous infections in humans and multiple host animals. The pathogenicity of the microorganism has been attributed to the presence of plasmid‐encoded virulence‐associated proteins (Vap). To date, three host‐associated virulence plasmid types of R. equi have been identified as follows: the circular pVAPA and pVAPB, related, respectively, to equine and porcine isolates, and a recently described linear pVAPN plasmid associated with bovine strains, although these three types are found in human isolates. Recent phylogenomic studies support the evidence that human R. equi infection is zoonotically acquired. Nevertheless, data regarding distribution and prevalence of the host‐adapted virulence plasmid types of R. equi isolated from meat animals are scarce or unnoticed. Here, the three host‐associated virulence plasmid types (pVAPA, pVAPB, and pVAPN) were investigated in 154 R. equi isolates recovered from lymph nodes of cattle with lymphadenitis (n = 31), faeces of cattle without enteric signs (n = 49), as well as different clinical specimens from human patients (n = 74). The analysis of virulence profile of 74 R. equi from humans revealed six (8.1%) isolates pVAPB (type 8), two (2.7%) pVAPN, and one (1.3%) pVAPB (type 11), all of which were from lung samples from people living with HIV/AIDS. From the lymph node samples of cattle, 41.9% (13 of 31) isolates revealed pVAPN type, whereas all isolates from faecal samples were negative for three host‐associated types. Here, recently described bovine‐associated pVAPN type was detected in R. equi isolates recovered from the lungs of people living with HIV/AIDS and lymph nodes from slaughtered cattle intended for human consumption; a finding that represents a public health concern, mainly in countries where undercooked or raw meat are traditionally consumed.
Bibliography:Funding information
We appreciate the support of São Paulo Research Foundation FAPESP Brazil, protocol 2015/20585‐9, by funding this study.
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ISSN:1865-1674
1865-1682
DOI:10.1111/tbed.12785