Factors associated with high cardiovascular risk in psoriatic arthritis and non-psoriatic spondyloarthritis

Factors associated with high cardiovascular risk in psoriatic arthritis and non-psoriatic spondyloarthritis

To identify the association between traditional cardiovascular risk factors, diseases related factors, body composition and adipokines with high cardiovascular risk (HCVR) in psoriatic arthritis and non-psoriatic spondyloarthritis. This was a cross-sectional study involving age and BMI matched adult...

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Published in:Rheumatology international Vol. 42; no. 2; pp. 251 - 260
Main Authors: Kavadichanda, Chengappa, Shanoj, K. C., Ganapathy, Sachit, Shah, Sanket I., Ananthakrishnan, Ramesh, Sahoo, Jayprakash, Negi, Vir Singh
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-02-2022
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adipokines - blood
Adult
Arthritis, Psoriatic - complications
Arthritis, Psoriatic - physiopathology
Atherosclerosis
Body composition
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Observational Research
Psoriatic arthritis
Rheumatology
Sarcopenia
Spondylarthritis - complications
Spondylarthritis - physiopathology
Visceral fat
Sarcopenia
MACE
Atherosclerosis
Arthritis
Inflammation
Adipokines
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Summary:To identify the association between traditional cardiovascular risk factors, diseases related factors, body composition and adipokines with high cardiovascular risk (HCVR) in psoriatic arthritis and non-psoriatic spondyloarthritis. This was a cross-sectional study involving age and BMI matched adults with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) ( n  = 56) and non-psoriatic spondyloarthritis (nPsA–SpA) ( n  = 58). Body composition using whole-body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, adipokines and disease characteristics along with cardiovascular risk scoring QRISK3 and carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) was collected. Individuals with a QRISK3 ≥ 10% or CIMT of ≥ 75 percentile of the general population were categorised as HCVR. Predictors of HCVR were determined by logistic regression. HCVR was detected in 39 (34.2%) of the patients. After adjusting for all the factors, sarcopenia (aOR-15.83; 95% CI 1.16–215.48; p  = 0.038) and presence of any traditional CV comorbidity (aOR: 18.97; 95% CI 1.63–221.29; p  = 0.019) were associated with HCVR. nPsA–SpA had a 97% lesser chance of having HCVR as compared to PsA. The ROC curve analysis for the multiple logistic regression model which estimated the AUC as 0.787 (95% CI 0.701–0.874) and a P value < 0.001. Adipokine levels correlated well with body composition, but not with HCVR. PsA has a higher CV risk and the mechanisms for the same are poorly understood. Sarcopenia is an important determinant of HCVR and may be due to ectopic adipose tissue deposition in skeletal muscles. Focused physical therapy to prevent sarcopenia, optimum treatment of traditional CV risk factors and adequate disease control may help in preventing atherosclerosis in SpA.
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ISSN:0172-8172
1437-160X
DOI:10.1007/s00296-021-05064-2