Plant-based foods and hepatocellular carcinoma: A review on mechanistic understanding

Regardless of etiology, hepatocarcinogenesis is frequently preceded by a distinctive sequence of chronic necroinflammation, compensatory hepatic regeneration, development of hepatic fibrosis, and ultimately cirrhosis. The liver being central immunomodulators, closely maintains immunotolerance. Any d...

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Published in:	Critical reviews in food science and nutrition Vol. 63; no. 33; pp. 11750 - 11783
Main Authors:	Saeed, Raakia Anam, Maqsood, Maria, Saeed, Raafia Anam, Muzammil, Hafiz Shehzad, Khan, Muhammad Issa, Asghar, Laiba, Nisa, Sahar Un, Rabail, Roshina, Aadil, Rana Muhammad
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Taylor & Francis 20-12-2023 Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects:	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - etiology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - metabolism Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - prevention & control Chronic Disease Cirrhosis Data integration Etiology Fibrosis Food hepatocarcinogenesis Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatoma Humans Immunological tolerance Immunomodulation Immunomodulators Liver Liver cancer Liver Cirrhosis - complications Liver diseases Liver Neoplasms - etiology Liver Neoplasms - metabolism Liver Neoplasms - prevention & control Malignancy Molecular modelling natural compounds necroinflammation oncogenic pathways Plant-based foods Risk Factors Spices oncogenic pathways natural compounds necroinflammation hepatocarcinogenesis Etiology
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Summary:	Regardless of etiology, hepatocarcinogenesis is frequently preceded by a distinctive sequence of chronic necroinflammation, compensatory hepatic regeneration, development of hepatic fibrosis, and ultimately cirrhosis. The liver being central immunomodulators, closely maintains immunotolerance. Any dysregulation in this management of immunotolerance is a hallmark of chronic hepatic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Apart from other malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 90% of liver cancers. Several emerging evidences have recognized diet as lifestyle associated risk factor in HCC development. However, natural compounds have the potential to fight hepatoma aggressiveness via inhibition of cellular proliferation and modulation of oncogenic pathways. This review aimed to identify the several plant-based foods for their protective role in HCC prevention by understating the molecular mechanisms involved in inhibition of progression and proliferation of cancer. Information from relevant publications in which several plant-based foods demonstrated protective potential against HCC has been integrated as well as evaluated. For data integration, Science direct, Google scholar, and Scopus websites were used. Nutrition-based approaches in the deterrence of several cancers offer a substantial benefit to currently used medical therapies and should be implemented more often as an adjunct to first-line medical therapy. Furthermore, the inclusion of these plant-based foods (vegetables, fruits, herbs, and spices) may improve general health and decline cancer incidence.
ISSN:	1040-8398 1549-7852
DOI:	10.1080/10408398.2022.2095974