Colorectal cancer screening in Semarang, Indonesia: A multicenter primary health care based study

Colorectal cancer screening in Semarang, Indonesia: A multicenter primary health care based study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem in Indonesia. It ranks among the top four cancers with high mortality rates. CRC screening is expected to improve early diagnosis that can reduce mortality and morbidity rate. Primary health care-based CRC screening in Indonesia has not yet be...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one Vol. 18; no. 1; p. e0279570
Main Authors: Purnomo, Hery Djagat, Permatadewi, Cecilia Oktaria, Prasetyo, Agung, Indiarso, Didik, Hutami, Hesti Triwahyu, Puspasari, Dik, Listiana, Devia Eka, Suhartono, Armatussolikha, Herna Rizkia, Priyadi, Suryanto Setyo, Sadono, Sri, Silvina, Nurhayati, Samsudin, Ahnaf, Hidayanto, Muhammad, Nugroho, Puriyanto Wahyu, Rakhmawati, Nur Dian, Susanto, Agus, Setiawan, Mukti, Sonny, Mochamad
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 03-01-2023
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Adenoma
Adenoma - diagnosis
Adenoma - epidemiology
Age groups
Aged
Body weight
Cancer
Cancer screening
Citizen participation
Colitis
Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy - methods
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data analysis
Diabetes
Diagnosis
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Family medical history
Female
Genetics
Health care
Health risks
Histology
Humans
Indonesia - epidemiology
Inflammatory bowel disease
Male
Malignancy
Mass Screening - methods
Medical prognosis
Medical screening
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Morbidity
Mortality
National health insurance
Occult Blood
Overweight
Patients
People and Places
Polyps
Primary care
Primary Health Care
Public awareness
Public health
Tumors
Womens health
Indonesia
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem in Indonesia. It ranks among the top four cancers with high mortality rates. CRC screening is expected to improve early diagnosis that can reduce mortality and morbidity rate. Primary health care-based CRC screening in Indonesia has not yet been performed. This study was conducted to obtain information about prevalence, adenoma detection rate and public compliance for CRC screening in Semarang, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study was done across 10 primary health care centers in Semarang during April-October 2021. The screening method used Immunochromatography Faecal Occult Blood Tests (I-FOBT) as the primary test. Patients with positive I-FOBT result would be referred to Kariadi hospital for colonoscopy and histology examination. A total of 221 patients were included, 66.1% were female, mean age was 59.38 ± 7.48 years. Participation rate was 63%, 37 patients (16.7%) were I-FOBT positive, 26 patients (70.27%) underwent colonoscopy. Colonoscopy compliance rate was 70.27%. The colonoscopy results were haemorrhoid (30.8%), polyps (30.8%), malignancy (19.2%), colitis (7.7%), diverticulosis (7.7%), and normal (3.8%). The adenoma detection rate was 26.9%. BMI abnormality (overweight and obese) (OR 10.968; 95% CI 2.33-51.55) and family history of malignancy (OR 18.800; 95% CI 5.13-68.85) increased the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma and respectively. The prevalence of I-FOBT positive in primary health care centers is high. The CRC screening program based on primary care should be considered. Public awareness education should be considered to increase colonoscopy compliance.
Bibliography:Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
These authors also contributed equally to this work
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0279570