Silver nanoparticles induce premutagenic DNA oxidation that can be prevented by phytochemicals from Gentiana asclepiadea

Among nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the broadest and most commercial applications due to their antibacterial properties, highlighting the need for exploring their potential toxicity and underlying mechanisms of action. Our main aim was to investigate whether AgNPs exert toxicity b...

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Published in:	Mutagenesis Vol. 27; no. 6; pp. 759 - 769
Main Authors:	HUDECOVA, Alexandra, KUSZNIEREWICZ, Barbara, REFSNES, Magne, SKULAND, Tonje, SCHWARZE, Per, BRUNBORG, Gunnar, BJØRAS, Magnar, COLLINS, Andrew, MIADOKOVA, Eva, GALOVA, Eliška, DUSINSKA, Mária, RUNDEN-PRAN, Elise, MAGDOLENOVA, Zuzana, HASPLOVA, Katarina, RINNA, Alessandra, FJELLSBØ, Lise Marie, KRUSZEWSKI, Marcin, LANKOFF, Anna, SANDBERG, Wiggo Johan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Oxford University Press 01-11-2012
Subjects:	Antioxidants - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences Cell Proliferation Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Comet Assay DNA Damage - drug effects DNA Glycosylases - genetics DNA Glycosylases - metabolism Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gentiana - chemistry HEK293 Cells Humans Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity Methanol - metabolism Molecular and cellular biology Molecular genetics Mutagenesis. Repair Oxidative Stress - drug effects Plant Extracts - pharmacology Silver - chemistry Silver - toxicity Silver Oxidation Mutagenesis Nanoparticle DNA
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Summary:	Among nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the broadest and most commercial applications due to their antibacterial properties, highlighting the need for exploring their potential toxicity and underlying mechanisms of action. Our main aim was to investigate whether AgNPs exert toxicity by inducing oxidative damage to DNA in human kidney HEK 293 cells. In addition, we tested whether this damage could be counteracted by plant extracts containing phytochemicals such as swertiamarin, mangiferin and homoorientin with high antioxidant abilities. We show that AgNPs (20 nm) are taken up by cells and localised in vacuoles and cytoplasm. Exposure to 1, 25 or 100 µg/ml AgNPs leads to a significant dose-dependent increase in oxidised DNA base lesions (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine or 8-oxoG) detected by the comet assay after incubation of nucleoids with 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase. Oxidised DNA base lesions and strand breaks caused by AgNPs were diminished by aqueous and methanolic extracts from both haulm and flower of Gentiana asclepiadea.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0267-8357 1464-3804
DOI:	10.1093/mutage/ges046