Comparison of GB virus C, HIV, and HCV infection markers in hemophiliacs exposed to non-inactivated or inactivated factor concentrates

Until the mandatory introduction of viral inactivation techniques of blood plasma products in the early 1980s many recipients of these products were infected with various viral pathogens. To determine the rate of transmission of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) HCV, and HIV through non-virus...

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Published in:	Journal of clinical virology Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 42 - 47
Main Authors:	Kupfer, Bernd, Ruf, Torsten, Matz, Bertfried, Nattermann, Jacob, Spengler, Ulrich, Rockstroh, Jürgen K., Brackmann, Hans H., Blümel, Johannes, Tacke, Michael, Kaiser, Rolf
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-09-2005 Elsevier Science
Subjects:	Antibodies, Viral - blood Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Clotting factor Cross-Sectional Studies DNA Primers Flaviviridae Infections - transmission Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GB virus GB virus C GBV-C/HGV HCV Hemophilia Hemophilia A - blood Hemophilia A - virology Hepacivirus Hepatitis C - transmission Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis G virus HIV HIV Infections - transmission Human immunodeficiency virus Human viral diseases Humans Infectious diseases Medical sciences Microbiology Miscellaneous Polymerase Chain Reaction Retrospective Studies RNA, Viral - blood RNA, Viral - isolation & purification Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Viral hepatitis Viral Load Virology Virus-inactivation HIV GBV-C Hemophilia AIDS GBV-C/HGV HCV Clotting factor Virus-inactivation CCR5 Microbiology Hepatic disease Hemopathy Flavivirus Viral hepatitis C Hepatitis G virus Immunopathology Retroviridae Immune deficiency Lentivirus Genetic disease Virology Infection Virus Viral disease Digestive diseases Concentrate Human immunodeficiency virus Flaviviridae Hepatitis C virus Hepacivirus Coagulopathy
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Summary:	Until the mandatory introduction of viral inactivation techniques of blood plasma products in the early 1980s many recipients of these products were infected with various viral pathogens. To determine the rate of transmission of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) HCV, and HIV through non-virus-inactivated clotting factor concentrates in hemophiliacs, as well as the relation between amount of administered clotting factor and risk for GBV-C/HGV infection. In this cross-sectional study, we determined retrospectively the rates of infection markers for GBV-C/HGV, HCV, and HIV in a German cohort of hemophiliacs treated with documented amounts of non-virus-inactivated clotting factor concentrates (group A) and in a second group of hemophiliacs who were treated exclusively with virus-inactivated clotting factor (group B). The presence of anti-virus antibodies was determined by ELISA. Viral RNA was detected by RT-PCR. Markers for viral infections were compared to amounts of administered non-virus-inactivated clotting factor. Among hemophiliacs treated with documented amounts of non-virus-inactivated clotting factor the prevalence for GBV-C/HGV, HCV, and HIV was 40.3%, 98.6%, and 56.3%, respectively. In contrast to HIV, the rate of GBV-C/HGV infections did not increase with increasing amounts of consumed non-inactivated clotting factor. Even in the subgroup of heavily treated hemophiliacs the rate of GBV-C/HGV infection markers did not exceed 45%. The amount of non-virus-inactivated clotting factor is not predictive for the risk of GBV-C/HGV infection in hemophiliacs. Despite repeated parenteral exposure more than 55% of hemophiliacs were not infected with GBV-C/HGV. Our findings indicate a high frequency of host factors preventing parenteral transmission of GBV-C/HGV.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1386-6532 1873-5967
DOI:	10.1016/j.jcv.2005.01.008