An Easily Missed But Life-Threatening Diagnosis: A Case Report of Gorlin Syndrome

BACKGROUND Gorlin syndrome, also known as basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), and Jaw cyst-Basal cell nevus-Bifid rib syndrome, is a rare multisystemic syndrome that can affect a remarkable number of tissues and organs in the human body. Patients with this...

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Published in:	The American journal of case reports Vol. 24; p. e939117
Main Authors:	Kosmidis, Christoforos S, Michael, Christina, Mystakidou, Chrysi Maria, Theodorou, Vasiliki, Papadopoulou, Evanthia, Papadopoulou, Konstantina, Koulouris, Charilaos, Varsamis, Nikolaos, Koimtzis, Georgios, Roullia, Panagiota, Ntager, Marios, Sevva, Christina, Katsios, Nikolaos Iason, Charalampous, Ioannis, Zarampouka, Katerina, Baka, Sofia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States International Scientific Literature, Inc 24-04-2023
Subjects:	Adult Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome - diagnosis Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome - pathology Carcinoma, Basal Cell Early Detection of Cancer Female Humans Middle Aged Pigmentation Disorders Skin Neoplasms - pathology
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Summary:	BACKGROUND Gorlin syndrome, also known as basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), and Jaw cyst-Basal cell nevus-Bifid rib syndrome, is a rare multisystemic syndrome that can affect a remarkable number of tissues and organs in the human body. Patients with this syndrome are in jeopardy of developing basal cell skin cancer during puberty or early adulthood. CASE REPORT Herein, we report a case of a 58-year-old woman who had multiple pigmented skin lesions and a palpable tumor of the left scapula. The patient underwent surgical excision of the above-mentioned lesions. The histopathological examination revealed that 10 of them were basal cell skin carcinomas (BCCs); therefore, the patient was proven to have the syndrome. She had a history of similar skin lesions, which were removed before the age of 20. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights that rare phenomena, such as the presence of multiple BCCs, require additional investigations and a multidisciplinary approach since a rare and potentially life-threating condition might be the underlying cause. Early diagnosis of Gorlin syndrome is of paramount importance to facilitate the appropriate therapeutic approach, as directed by a multidisciplinary team. Patients with multiple skin lesions need to have regular assessments by their general practitioner or dermatologist, with dermoscopy serving as an important preventive measure. Furthermore, because pathogenesis of the syndrome is characterized by development of basal cell carcinomas, consecutive follow-up is of a great significance.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Case Study-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3 Funds Collection Authors’ Contribution Conflict of interest: None declared Data Interpretation Financial support: None declared Literature Search Data Collection Study Design Manuscript Preparation Statistical Analysis
ISSN:	1941-5923 1941-5923
DOI:	10.12659/AJCR.939117