Colostrum Features of Active and Recovered COVID-19 Patients Revealed Using Next-Generation Proteomics Technique, SWATH-MS

Colostrum Features of Active and Recovered COVID-19 Patients Revealed Using Next-Generation Proteomics Technique, SWATH-MS

Colostrum performs nutritional, anti-inflammatory and anti-infective functions and promotes immune system formation and organ development. The new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has generated concerns about viral transmission through human milk, with a lack of evidence about human milk’s protective effect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Children (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 8; p. 1423
Main Authors: Hernández-Caravaca, Iván, Moros-Nicolás, Carla, González-Brusi, Leopoldo, Romero de Ávila, Mª José, De Paco Matallana, Catalina, Pelegrín, Pablo, Castaño-Molina, María Ángeles, Díaz-Meca, Lucía, Sánchez-Romero, Javier, Martínez-Alarcón, Laura, Avilés, Manuel, Izquierdo-Rico, Mª José
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-08-2023
MDPI
Subjects:
Analysis
Antibodies
breastfeeding
Breastfeeding & lactation
colostrum
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
Development and progression
Disease transmission
Health aspects
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Infants
Infection
Infections
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Methods
Milk
Mothers
Pandemics
Proteins
Proteomics
Respiratory diseases
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viral infections
Viruses
Womens health
Spain
Germany
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Summary:Colostrum performs nutritional, anti-inflammatory and anti-infective functions and promotes immune system formation and organ development. The new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has generated concerns about viral transmission through human milk, with a lack of evidence about human milk’s protective effects against the infection. This study aimed at analyzing presence of the virus and at identifying the protein expression profile of human colostrum in active and COVID-19-recovered patients. Colostrum samples were collected from women with COVID-19 (n = 3), women recently recovered from the infection (n = 4), and non-infected women (n = 5). The samples were analyzed by means of RT-qPCR to determine presence of the virus and using SWATH-MS for proteomic analysis. Proteomic results were then analyzed using bioinformatic methods. The viral tests were negative for SARS-CoV-2 in the colostrum from COVID-19 patients. The proteomic analysis identified 301 common proteins in all samples analyzed. Nineteen proteins were upregulated and 7 were downregulated in the COVID-19 group versus the control samples, whereas 18 were upregulated and 7 were downregulated when comparing the COVID-19 group to the recovered group. Eleven proteins were biomarkers of active COVID-19 infection. Ten were upregulated: ACTN1, CD36, FAM3B, GPRC5B, IGHA2, IGK, PLTP, RAC1, SDCBP and SERPINF1, and one was downregulated: PSAP. These proteins are mainly related to immunity, inflammatory response and protein transport. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that colostrum is not a vehicle for mother-to-child SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Moreover, the colostrum’s proteome of active and recuperated patients indicate that it could provide immune benefits to infants.
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ISSN:2227-9067
2227-9067
DOI:10.3390/children10081423