Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention to reduce social isolation and loneliness in community‐dwelling elders: A randomized clinical trial

Aims To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community‐dwelling older adults. Design A cluster‐randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods A total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and...

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Published in:	Nursing open Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 48 - 60
Main Authors:	Hernández‐Ascanio, José, Perula‐de Torres, Luis Ángel, Rich‐Ruiz, Manuel, González‐Santos, Josefa, Mielgo‐Ayuso, Juan, González‐Bernal, Jerónimo, Roldán‐Villalobos, Ana María, Pérula ‐ de Torres, Carlos, Fernández‐Márquez, Rodrigo, Dios‐Guerra, Caridad, Urbano‐Priego, Manuela, Luna‐Morales, Silvia, Muñoz‐Gómez, Rafaela, Gómez‐Torres, Miguel Á., Pastor‐López, Ángeles, Ibáñez‐Fernández, Mª José, Aguilera‐López, Mª Dolores, González‐Delgado, Antonio, Garrido‐Gálvez, Diego, Romero‐Sánchez, Trinidad, Guzmán‐Castilla, Inmaculada, Maestre‐Serrano, Mª Dolores, Gutiérrez‐Martín, Mari Paz, Sánchez‐Cañete, Eva, Sánchez‐Palomo, Yolanda, Rodríguez‐Priego, Manuela, Pérez‐Trujillo, Ana Mª, Cruz‐Velarde, Santiago, Calero‐Sánchez, Sonia, Hidalgo‐Navarro, Rocío, Ruiz‐Moruno, Fco. Javier, Martínez‐Guillén, Mª Reyes, Domínguez‐Ramírez, Antonia, Ortega‐Osuna, Mª Ángeles, Menéndez‐Sagrado, Paulina, Jabalera‐Ramírez, Montserrat, Casado‐Salinas, Fernanda, Mirás‐García, Carmen Mª, Conde‐Moya, Pilar
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-01-2023 John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley
Subjects:	Adults Aged Clinical trials community‐dwelling elders Humans Independent Living Institutionalization Intervention Loneliness Loneliness - psychology nurses nursing Older people Participation Performance evaluation Quality of life Quality of Life - psychology Questionnaires Social integration Social isolation Social Isolation - psychology Social Support Verbal communication social isolation elders nursing loneliness community-dwelling quality of life nurses
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Summary:	Aims To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community‐dwelling older adults. Design A cluster‐randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods A total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and 63 older adults in the experimental group. The intervention consisted of 6 home‐based face‐to‐face sessions, intercalated with 5 telephone calls and was conducted by nursing students and volunteer staff with experience in the subject. The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2019. In terms of statistical analysis, several procedures were carried out: a statistical analysis per protocol and intention to treat, considering isolation, loneliness and quality of life as endpoints; a comparison of paired means, to analyse the behaviour of the outcome variables at baseline and the end of the study; and finally, a binary logistic regression analysis, considering social support as a dependent variable. Results The study results do not show the effectiveness of the modified CARELINK programme, analysed as a whole, on the decrease in social isolation or loneliness or the improvement in HRQL. However, a detailed analysis of the behaviour of some of the variables during the study indicates some results that deserve to be commented on. Comparing the mean confidential support scores between the experimental and control group at the initial and final stages shows significant differences in the analysis by protocol, and close to statistical significance in the analysis by intention to treat. Comparing the paired means obtained in the experimental group, an improvement in emotional loneliness scores was found. Finally, the variables associated with the social support of the subjects at the end of the follow‐up period were as follows: having people who help them and mobility. Conclusion Although the results obtained do not allow us to affirm that the intervention programme is effective, these same results point to improved confidential support and emotional loneliness in older adults participating in the intervention. Having people to help them and a greater degree of mobility are factors favouring the decrease in social isolation. Impact This study suggested that modified CARELINK, a multicomponent intervention performed by trained volunteers, could improve confidential support in community‐dwelling older adults. It also reports the importance of considering the level of mobility and support networks as determinants of the improvement caused by the intervention.
Bibliography:	Funding information 1 See Appendix for the authors present in ASyS study collaborative group. The project “Effectiveness of a multicomponent non‐pharmacological intervention to reduce the social isolation and loneliness of older residents at home” (AP‐0079‐2016 FPS 2014) has been funded by the Andalusian regional government (Spain) ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 See Appendix 1 for the authors present in ASyS study collaborative group.
ISSN:	2054-1058 2054-1058
DOI:	10.1002/nop2.1277