Super-resolution mapping in rod photoreceptors identifies rhodopsin trafficking through the inner segment plasma membrane as an essential subcellular pathway

Photoreceptor cells in the vertebrate retina have a highly compartmentalized morphology for efficient phototransduction and vision. Rhodopsin, the visual pigment in rod photoreceptors, is densely packaged into the rod outer segment sensory cilium and continuously renewed through essential synthesis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PLoS biology Vol. 22; no. 1; p. e3002467
Main Authors:	Haggerty, Kristen N, Eshelman, Shannon C, Sexton, Lauren A, Frimpong, Emmanuel, Rogers, Leah M, Agosto, Melina A, Robichaux, Michael A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 08-01-2024 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Analysis Animals Biology and Life Sciences Cell Membrane Cell membranes Cytology Fluorescence microscopy Homeostasis Labeling Light Signal Transduction Localization Mammals Medicine and Health Sciences Membranes Mice Microscopy Microscopy, Fluorescence Monoclonal antibodies Mutation Photopigments Photoreception Photoreceptors Phototransduction Plasma Proteins Research and Analysis Methods Retina Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells Rhodopsin Rod outer segment membranes Segments Social Sciences Vertebrates Visual pigments Canada
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Summary:	Photoreceptor cells in the vertebrate retina have a highly compartmentalized morphology for efficient phototransduction and vision. Rhodopsin, the visual pigment in rod photoreceptors, is densely packaged into the rod outer segment sensory cilium and continuously renewed through essential synthesis and trafficking pathways housed in the rod inner segment. Despite the importance of this region for rod health and maintenance, the subcellular organization of rhodopsin and its trafficking regulators in the mammalian rod inner segment remain undefined. We used super-resolution fluorescence microscopy with optimized retinal immunolabeling techniques to perform a single molecule localization analysis of rhodopsin in the inner segments of mouse rods. We found that a significant fraction of rhodopsin molecules was localized at the plasma membrane, at the surface, in an even distribution along the entire length of the inner segment, where markers of transport vesicles also colocalized. Thus, our results collectively establish a model of rhodopsin trafficking through the inner segment plasma membrane as an essential subcellular pathway in mouse rod photoreceptors.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1545-7885 1544-9173 1545-7885
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pbio.3002467