Cruciferous Vegetables as Antioxidative, Chemopreventive and Antineoplasic Functional Foods: Preclinical and Clinical Evidences of Sulforaphane Against Prostate Cancers

Sulforaphane (SF, 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methyl-sulfinyl)-butane) is found in broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower. we performed a critical review on the antioxidative, chemopreventive and antitumor effects of SF from cruciferous vegetables against prostate cancers and molecular pathways. For a complete a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Current pharmaceutical design Vol. 24; no. 40; p. 4779
Main Authors:	Ferreira, Paulo M P, Rodrigues, Lays A R L, de Alencar Carnib, Lunna Paula, de Lima Sousa, Paulo Víctor, Nolasco Lugo, Luis Michel, Nunes, Nárcia M F, do Nascimento Silva, Jurandy, da Silva Araûjo, Lidiane, de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota, Karoline
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United Arab Emirates 01-01-2018
Subjects:	Animals Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - chemistry Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - therapeutic use Antioxidants - chemistry Antioxidants - therapeutic use Brassicaceae - chemistry Functional Food Humans Isothiocyanates - chemistry Isothiocyanates - therapeutic use Male Prostatic Neoplasms - drug therapy Vegetables - chemistry apoptosis sulforaphane signaling pathways Antioxidant action epigenetic mechanisms oxidative carcinogenesis
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Summary:	Sulforaphane (SF, 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methyl-sulfinyl)-butane) is found in broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower. we performed a critical review on the antioxidative, chemopreventive and antitumor effects of SF from cruciferous vegetables against prostate cancers and molecular pathways. For a complete and reliable review, primary and secondary resources were used, including original and review articles, books and government documents published until March 2018. Articles that are in duplicity and disconnected are not considered for review. SF is derived from glucoraphanin (4-methyl-sulfinyl-butyl-glucosinate), being one of the most commonly found isothiocyanates in vegetables from Brassica spp., especially in broccoli samples. In vitro studies indicate that SF induces apoptosis in a dependent or non-dependent method of androgens by transcription of tumor suppressor genes, oxidation response and higher expression of phase II enzymes in prostate cancer cells. Sulforaphane also decreases transcription of the nuclear factor kB and antiapoptotic proteins, expression of cyclin D2 and survivin and DNA synthesis, increases Nrf2 gene activity, interferes with genome compacting by inhibition of histone deacetylases and disrupts Hsp90 complexes, which cause cell cycle arrest, mitosis interruption, activation of caspases and mitochondria depolarization. SF and cruciferous vegetables play antioxidative and chemopreventive role, delaying or blocking in vivo carcinogenesis, causing biochemical and epigenetic changes, preventing, delaying, or reversing preneoplastic or advanced prostate lesions, and frequently activating tumor cell death by intrinsic methods of apoptosis. These outcomes encourage the consumption of Brassica specimens, which could be easily achieved by the incorporation of food and vegetables rich in cruciferous isothiocyanates in the diet.
ISSN:	1873-4286
DOI:	10.2174/1381612825666190116124233