Primary hyperaldosteronism in a population of hypertensive patients

Primary hyperaldosteronism in a population of hypertensive patients

The diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism (PHPA) has progressively increased over the last years and some authors consider it as the main cause of secondary hypertension. We studied the prevalence of PHPA in hypertensive patients followed at the Hypertension Unit from July 1999 to July 2017. A tot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medicina Vol. 79; no. 3; p. 185
Main Authors: Villalba, Noel Lorenzo, Rivera Martínez, Edgar, Artiles Vizcaíno, Jerónimo, Sablón González, Nery, Marrero Medina, Iván, Suárez Ortega, Saturnino
Format: Journal Article
Language:Spanish
Published: Argentina 2019
Subjects:
Aged
Aldosterone - blood
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Hyperaldosteronism - blood
Hyperaldosteronism - complications
Hyperaldosteronism - diagnosis
Hypertension - etiology
Male
Middle Aged
Renin - blood
Retrospective Studies
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Plasma renin activity/aldosterone
hypokalemia
primary hyperaldosteronism
inappropriate kaliuria
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Summary:The diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism (PHPA) has progressively increased over the last years and some authors consider it as the main cause of secondary hypertension. We studied the prevalence of PHPA in hypertensive patients followed at the Hypertension Unit from July 1999 to July 2017. A total of 2500 patients were included and diagnosis of PHPA was done in 79 of them (3.2%). It was more frequent in women (55.7%) with an increased incidence in the elderly, as compared to previous studies (27.8%). Initial diagnosis was suspected upon the presence of inappropriate kaliuria and metabolic alkalosis, associated to an aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio > 30 (ng/dl)/(ng/ml/h). After confirmation of the presence of PA, imaging techniques to determine the etiology were performed. In this way, 29 cases (36.8%) of aldosterone-producing adenoma and 5 cases of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia with nodules were identified. Computed tomography identified the adenomas and hyperplasias with bilateral cortical nodules in all patients. Adrenalectomy and/or antialdosteronics were efficient in controlling blood pressure in 69.9% of cases. Of note in this series was the remission of stage 3 chronic renal failure in two cases, the high prevalence of hypercalciuric urinary lithiasis and a case of breast carcinoma after prolonged treatment with spironolactone.
ISSN:1669-9106