Microbes and Mental Health: A Review

Highlights • Bidirectional communication between the gut and brain occurs through autonomic, neuroendocrine, enteric, and immune system pathways. • Recently, a microbiome-gut-brain axis has been described and microbes have been identified to influence brain chemistry. • Disruptions to the gut microb...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Brain, behavior, and immunity Vol. 66; pp. 9 - 17
Main Authors:	Rieder, Ryan, Wisniewski, Paul J, Alderman, Brandon L, Campbell, Sara C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01-11-2017
Subjects:	Allergy and Immunology Animals Anxiety Anxiety - physiopathology Brain - physiology Depression Depression - physiopathology Gastrointestinal Microbiome HPA-axis Humans Mental Health Microbiome Microbiota-gut-brain axis Psychiatry Stress, Psychological - physiopathology Depression Microbiota-gut-brain axis Anxiety Microbiome HPA-axis
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Summary:	Highlights • Bidirectional communication between the gut and brain occurs through autonomic, neuroendocrine, enteric, and immune system pathways. • Recently, a microbiome-gut-brain axis has been described and microbes have been identified to influence brain chemistry. • Disruptions to the gut microbes have been implicated in multiple host diseases, including anxiety and depression. • Potential neurobiological mechanisms through which disruptions in this network may impact health and disease include hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, and altered activity of neurotransmitter and immune systems. • Innovative gastrointestinal-based treatment options for the prevention and treatment of brain-based disorders such as anxiety and depression have emerged.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	0889-1591 1090-2139
DOI:	10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.016